Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: A Detailed Review of Current Practices.

Ductal carcinoma in situ is a challenge for breast surgeons, beginning with its difficult radiological detection and continuing with its contentious multimodal treatment and management. It is becoming more common as a result of widespread screening mammography and usually manifests as a cluster of calcifications. Patients are usually asymptomatic or present with a small, palpable lump.

Preoperative Serum Albumin Level as a Predictor of Abdominal Wound-Related Complications After Emergency Exploratory Laparotomy.

Background Serum albumin is generally considered to be a predictor of patients' nutritional status. Previous studies have used serum albumin to assess postoperative morbidity, mortality, and various other surgical outcomes in cardiac surgeries and elective gastrointestinal surgeries. In this study, we used preoperative serum albumin levels to assess postoperative surgical site wound complications in patients who underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy.

Practical consensus recommendations for tumor margins and breast conservative surgery.

My suggestion: There is no difference in survival of breast cancer patients treated with either mastectomy or with breast conservation therapy combined with external beam radiotherapy. A positive margin (s) is an important factor contributing to the increased risk of local recurrence. However, in published literature, there is a lack of consensus on the definition of acceptable margin (s).

Effect of intravenous 3-hydroxybutyrate on postoperative nitrogen balance.

Thirty-two patients routinely admitted for cholecystectomy were allocated randomly to receive a post-operative fluid regimen containing either 18 g/d of sodium DL-3-hydroxybutyrate, or isoenergetic glucose, each for 3 d. The difference in the post-operative mean daily urinary nitrogen excretion between the control (median 8.3 g/d) and the 3-OH-butyrate groups (median 8.

Effect of 3-hydroxybutyrate in obese subjects on very-low-energy diets and during therapeutic starvation.

Sodium DL-3-hydroxybutyrate was administered to obese subjects (more than 150% ideal body-weight) who were either receiving a 2 . 5 MJ (600 kcal) diet containing 34 g protein on one day with a total fast (water and vitamins only) on the next day, for 21 days, or were undergoing therapeutic starvation for 14 days. Both intravenous and oral hydroxybutyrate significantly reduced net body protein loss as measured by total urinary nitrogen and 3-methylhistidine excretion.