Organizing for thoughtful food: a meshwork approach.

This paper provides an alternative narrative for organizing food systems. It introduces as a novel theoretical lens to examine the ontological assumptions underlying the shadow and informal dynamics of organizing food. Through a longitudinal qualitative case study, we place relationality and becoming at the centre of organizing food and food systems, demonstrating how entangled relationships can create a complex ontology through the meshwork knots, threads and weave.

The implementation of an early rehabilitation program is associated with reduced length of stay: A multi-ICU study.

Introduction: Survivors of critical illness face many potential long-term sequelae. Prior studies showed that early rehabilitation in the intensive care unit (ICU) reduces physical impairment and decreases ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS). However, these studies are based on a single ICU or were conducted with a small subset of all ICU patients.

[INJECTING MATERIAL FOR SKIN REGENERATION LACERTA APPLICATION IN TREATMENT OF TROPHIC ULCERS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME].

Examined 22 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type II of neuropathic form of diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). In 12 patients (comparison group) local povidone-iodine was used main in 10 (study group), except povidone-iodine, in the phase of exudation used tyrothricin in gel form, the granulation and epithelization phase, after cleaning the wounds, were injected intradermally 1 ml of injecting material for skin regeneration Lacerta. Trophic defects in 9 (90%) patients of the main group during the observation period healed completely, in the comparison group complete healing of the ulcer reached in 2 (16.

Retinol binding protein 4 is associated with adiposity-related co-morbidity risk factors in children.

Objective: In adults, elevated levels of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) have been associated with biochemical markers of adiposity-related co-morbidities including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and abdominal obesity. This study examined the relationship between RBP4 and risk factors for co-morbidities of adiposity in a population of ethnically diverse children in early- to mid-adolescence in the public school system of New York City.

Materials/methods: We analyzed anthropometric (body mass index, % body fat, waist circumference), metabolic (lipids, glucose), and inflammatory (TNF-alpha, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, adiponectin) markers for adiposity-related co-morbidities and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in 106 school children (65 males, 41 females) 11-15 years of age (mean +/- SD = 13.

Leptin reverses declines in satiation in weight-reduced obese humans.

Background: Individuals who are weight-reduced or leptin deficient have a lower energy expenditure coupled with higher hunger and disinhibition and/or delayed satiation compared with never-weight-reduced control subjects. Because exogenous leptin inhibits feeding in congenitally leptin-deficient humans, reduced leptin signaling may reduce the expression of feeding inhibition in humans.

Objective: The objective was to test the hypothesis that reduced leptin signaling may reduce the expression of feeding inhibition (ie, blunt satiation) in humans by examining the effects of leptin repletion on feeding behavior after weight loss.

Effects of weight loss and leptin on skeletal muscle in human subjects.

Maintenance of a 10% or greater reduced body weight results in decreases in the energy cost of low levels of physical activity beyond those attributable to the altered body weight. These changes in nonresting energy expenditure are due mainly to increased skeletal muscle work efficiency following weight loss and are reversed by the administration of the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin. We have also shown previously that the maintenance of a reduced weight is accompanied by a decrease in ratio of glycolytic (phosphofructokinase) to oxidative (cytochrome c oxidase) activity in vastus lateralis muscle that would suggest an increase in the relative expression of the myosin heavy chain I (MHC I) isoform.

Leptin administration does not prevent the bone mineral metabolism changes induced by weight loss.

The objective was to examine the effects of weight loss and leptin administration following weight loss on calciotropic hormones and bone turnover. This was a prospective, single-blinded study of 12 subjects (8 women, 4 men; 2 nonobese, 10 obese; age range, 19-46 years) who were studied on an inpatient basis while maintaining their usual weight [Wt(initial)] and during maintenance of 10% weight loss while receiving twice-daily injections of either a placebo [Wt(-10%P)] or replacement doses of leptin [Wt(-10%L)]. The main outcome measures were markers of bone formation (bone alkaline phosphatase and procollagen type 1 amino terminal propeptide) and resorption (N-telopeptide) as well as parathyroid hormone, calcium, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D measured from fasting morning serum.

Effects of experimental weight perturbation on skeletal muscle work efficiency, fuel utilization, and biochemistry in human subjects.

Maintenance of a body weight 10% above or below that "customary" for lean or obese individuals results in respective increases or decreases in the energy expended in low levels of physical activity (nonresting energy expenditure, NREE). These changes are greater than can be accounted for by the altered body weight or composition and are due mainly to altered skeletal muscle work efficiency at low levels of power generation. We performed biochemical analysis of vastus lateralis muscle needle biopsy samples to determine whether maintenance of an altered body weight was associated with changes in skeletal muscle histomorphology.

Leptin reverses weight loss-induced changes in regional neural activity responses to visual food stimuli.

Increased hunger and food intake during attempts to maintain weight loss are a critical problem in clinical management of obesity. To determine whether reduced body weight maintenance is accompanied by leptin-sensitive changes in neural activity in brain regions affecting regulatory and hedonic aspects of energy homeostasis, we examined brain region-specific neural activity elicited by food-related visual cues using functional MRI in 6 inpatient obese subjects. Subjects were assessed at their usual weight and, following stabilization at a 10% reduced body weight, while receiving either twice daily subcutaneous injections of leptin or placebo.

[Current informational technologies in the structure of medical and psychological tasks of school education].

Prospects for equipment of present-day school with computing machinery allow fresh approaches to be applied to the improvement of means for diagnosis and health prophylaxis in children and to professional orientation. Automatic systems have been developed for diagnosing diseases and monitoring the sociomental health of children and the adaptation of junior and middle schoolchildren to school activities. The systems provide a real way of successfully following the development of major mental functions for prenosological diagnosis of detected abnormalities and their subsequent correction.

[Professional orientation of youth: medical and psychophysiological aspects].

The scientific and practical aspects of medical and psychophysiological professional orientation in teenagers and young people have become more and more pressing due to their poorer health along with higher demands for their resistance to unfavourable factors. The aid of a physician and a psychophysiologist in their choice of a future profession promotes the prevention of general and occupational morbidity. Work on professional orientation should be began at school in the 5th-6th and done through school life during which they get a general and vocational education.

[Medical and psychophysiological aspects in the professional orientation of young people].

The paper deals with the scientific prerequisites for a physiomedical professional consultation as an important prophylactic measure to promote the adolescents' health during vocational training and work. Great emphasis is laid on a comparatively new aspect of professional orientation--physiophychological professional consultation whose goal is to establish their professional fitness due to individual physiological and psychophysiological features of the body and due to the level of development of professionally significant functions and qualities. The paper also gives the data on the basic regularities of ontogenetic development of the leading professionally significant functions and qualities in schoolchildren aged 12-15 years.