Random Mating in a Hybrid Zone Between Two Putative Climate-Adapted Bird Lineages With Predicted Mitonuclear Incompatibilities.

Biochemical and evolutionary interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes ('mitonuclear interactions') are proposed to underpin fundamental aspects of biology including evolution of sexual reproduction, adaptation and speciation. We investigated the role of pre-mating isolation in maintaining functional mitonuclear interactions in wild populations bearing diverged, putatively co-adapted mitonuclear genotypes. Two lineages of eastern yellow robin Eopsaltria australis-putatively climate-adapted to 'inland' and 'coastal' climates-differ by ~7% of mitogenome nucleotides, whereas nuclear genome differences are concentrated into a sex-linked region enriched with mitochondrial functions.

Having a More Compassionate Doctor Does Not Mean Patients Will Feel More Cared for: An Empirical Study.

Background: Compassion is central to healthcare. It is valued by both patients and physicians and predicts better outcomes for patients, physicians, and healthcare organisations. Whilst most studies to date have focused on providers' expression of compassion, the current report was designed to focus on the patient, specifically identifying patient and physician variables predicting the patient experience of compassion from physicians.

Modulation of Haemostatic Balance in Combined von Willebrand Disease and Antithrombin Deficiency: A Comprehensive Family Study.

Introduction: Maintaining the balance between procoagulant and anticoagulant factors is essential for effective haemostasis. Emerging evidence suggests a modulation of bleeding tendency by factors in the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic systems.

Aim: This study investigates the clinical and laboratory characteristics of a family with combined von Willebrand disease (VWD) and antithrombin (AT) deficiency.

Heterogeneous Group of Genetically Determined Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders.

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is often missed by standard hearing tests, accounting for up to 10% of hearing impairments (HI) and commonly linked to variants in 23 genes. We assessed 122 children with HI, including 102 with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 20 with ANSD. SNHL patients were genotyped for common variants using qPCR, while ANSD patients underwent whole exome sequencing, with variants analyzed across 249 genes.

Kainate-Induced Reorganization the Dentate Gyrus of the Hippocampus Is Accompanied by Activation of Mitochondrial Fission in the Granular Layer Neurons.

The reorganization of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and changes in mitochondrial fission were evaluated using the kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy. In 28 days after administration of 0.5 μg kainic acid, disturbances in the distribution of neuronal precursors in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus, thickening of the granular layer, and an increase in the content of synaptophysin in the molecular layer were detected.

Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway-Beliefs About Compassion Predict Care and Motivation to Help Among Healthcare Professionals.

Aims: To develop and preliminarily validate a measure of beliefs about compassion in health care and assess whether and which beliefs may predict compassion.

Design: Pre-registered cross-sectional online survey study with a repeated-measures vignette component.

Method: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor analyses were performed on a split sample of 890 healthcare professionals in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ).

Immediate Genetic Augmentation and Enhanced Habitat Connectivity Are Required to Secure the Future of an Iconic Endangered Freshwater Fish Population.

Genetic diversity is rapidly lost from small, isolated populations by genetic drift. Measuring the level of genetic drift using effective population size ( ) is highly useful for management. Single-cohort genetic estimators approximate the number of breeders in one season ( ): a value < 100 signals likely inbreeding depression.

Pharmacokinetics and Dose Proportionality Study of a Novel Antiparkinsonian Agent, a 1-1,2,4-Triazol-3-ylthio-conjugate of Prottremine.

The novel antiparkinsonian agent PA-96 is the focus of our research. PA-96 supported the survival of cultured naïve dopamine neurons, alleviated motor deficits in MPTP and haloperidol-based mice models of Parkinson's disease, and increased the density of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons and dopamine concentration in the midbrain of an MPTP-damaged brain. In this work, an HPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated, and the pharmacokinetics of the agent was investigated in mice after a single or multiple oral administration () and intravenous injection () at various doses.

Healthcare compassion interventions co-design and feasibility inquiry with clinicians and healthcare leaders in Aotearoa/New Zealand.

Compassion in healthcare is valued by patients, healthcare professionals (HCPs), and leads to improved outcomes. Notwithstanding reports of systemic failings in the provision of compassionate care, research regarding ways to intervene remains limited. The aim of this study is to clarify compassion intervention needs in a diverse HCP workforce in public secondary healthcare in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) by utilising a co-design process.

Effect of Menopausal Hormone Therapy on Cellular Immunity Parameters and Cytokine Profile.

Background: A woman's entry into the menopause period is associated with a number of changes in the body, including those related to the immune system. Immune aging is a consequence of age-related changes in the function of immune cells and the composition of their subpopulations. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is thought to partially neutralize the negative effects of aging on the immune system.

Accelerated differentiation of neo-W nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes between two climate-associated bird lineages signals potential co-evolution with mitogenomes.

There is considerable evidence for mitochondrial-nuclear co-adaptation as a key evolutionary driver. Hypotheses regarding the roles of sex-linkage have emphasized Z-linked nuclear genes with mitochondrial function (N-mt genes), whereas it remains contentious whether the perfect co-inheritance of W genes with mitogenomes could hinder or facilitate co-adaptation. Young (neo-) sex chromosomes that possess relatively many N-mt genes compared to older chromosomes provide unprecedented hypothesis-testing opportunities.

Large Language Models and OpenLogos: An Educational Case Scenario.

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer advanced text generation capabilities, sometimes surpassing human abilities. However, their use without proper expertise poses significant challenges, particularly in educational contexts. This article explores different facets of natural language generation (NLG) within the educational realm, assessing its advantages and disadvantages, particularly concerning LLMs.

Unravelling the spectrum of von Willebrand factor variants in quantitative von Willebrand disease: results from a German cohort study.

Background: Von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most prevalent hereditary bleeding disorder, results from deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF).

Objectives: This large cohort study aims to offer a comprehensive exploration of mutation spectra and laboratory features in quantitative VWF deficiencies, shedding light on genetic underpinnings and genotype-phenotype associations.

Methods: Our cohort consisted of 221 Caucasian index patients with quantitative VWD, along with 47 individuals whose plasma VWF levels fell within the lower normal boundaries (50-70 IU/dL).

Gender, culture, and migration: A qualitative study of the socioeconomic challenges facing Afghan women refugees in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

The research explores Afghan refugee women's challenges in accessing education, employment, and legal rights in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It seeks to inform policy changes to improve their socioeconomic circumstances and mitigate these hardships. The study employs qualitative methodologies, utilizing interviews, observation, and document analysis to capture rich, in-depth narratives from three Afghan refugee women.

Broadening access to small-molecule parameterization with the force field toolkit.

Access to accurate force-field parameters for small molecules is crucial for computational studies of their interactions with proteins. Although a number of general force fields for small molecules exist, e.g.

EXPRESSION OF SPP1 AND SPARC GENES IN TUMOR TISSUE OF PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER.

Background: Breast cancer (BCa) is one of the most common oncological diseases in women in Ukraine and worldwide, which determines the need to search for new diagnostic and prognostic markers. In this aspect, the study of multicellular proteins, in particular osteopontin (OPN) and osteonectin (ON), in BCа tissue is relevant. The aim of the work was to investigate the expression of SPP1 and SPARC at the mRNA and protein levels in BCa tissue and to assess their relationship with the main clinicopathological BCa characteristics and the survival rates of patients.

Detecting T-cell clonal expansions and quantifying clone survival using deep profiling of immune repertoires.

An individual's T-cell repertoire constantly changes under the influence of external and internal factors. Cells that do not receive a stimulatory signal die, while those that encounter and recognize a pathogen or receive a co-stimulatory signal divide, resulting in clonal expansions. T-cell clones can be traced by monitoring the presence of their unique T-cell receptor (TCR) sequence, which is assembled through a process known as V(D)J rearrangement.

Planning and implementing genetic rescue of an endangered freshwater fish population in a regulated river, where low flow reduces breeding opportunities and may trigger inbreeding depression.

Augmenting depleted genetic diversity can improve the fitness and evolutionary potential of wildlife populations, but developing effective management approaches requires genetically monitored test cases. One such case is the small, isolated and inbred Cotter River population of an endangered Australian freshwater fish, the Macquarie perch , which over 3 years (2017-2019) received 71 translocated migrants from a closely related, genetically more diverse population. We used genetic monitoring to test whether immigrants bred, interbred with local fish and augmented population genetic diversity.

Phenoxaphosphonium Mixed Ylides in Ring Expansion Reaction.

Treatment of mixed phosphonium-iodonium ylides featuring a six-membered phenoxaphosphonium fragment with aqueous tetrafluoroboronic acid induces a rearrangement, resulting in expansion of the phosphacycle and oxidation of the phosphorus atom. The target difficult-to-access dibenzo[,][1,4]oxaphosphepine oxides (3 examples) were isolated in excellent yields (up to 95%) as mixtures of stereoisomers. Hydrolysis of a five-membered mixed ylide, a dibenzophosphole derivative, predominantly preserves the phosphole system with cycle expansion occurring as a side process.

Charge carrier transport in PbS films doped with iodine.

The results of the measurements of electrical and Hall resistivities on polycrystalline PbS films doped with iodine obtained through hydrochemical deposition are presented. The analysis of the temperature dependence of resistivity points out the crossover from the hopping mechanism due to thermal delocalization in the impurity band to the variable range hopping mechanism. The increase in the iodine content in the films leads to an increase in the impurity ionization energy.

Weights, resistance bands, and rest days are best for tendinopathy.

The studyPavlova AV, Shim JSC, Moss R, et al. Effect of resistance exercise dose components for tendinopathy management: a systematic review with meta-analysis. 2023;57:1327-34.