Novel and Founder Pathogenic Variants in X-Linked Alport Syndrome Families in Greece.

Alport syndrome (AS) is the most frequent monogenic inherited glomerulopathy and is also genetically and clinically heterogeneous. It is caused by semi-dominant pathogenic variants in the X-linked (NM_000495.5) gene or recessive variants in the / (NM_000091.

Resistance to high-maintenance dose of prasugrel treated by ticagrelor: a case report.

We describe a case of a 34-year-old woman with chronic renal failure under haemodialysis. The patient exhibited high on-treatment platelet reactivity to gradually stronger thienopyridine regimens, including standard and high maintenance doses of prasugrel. Platelet function was monitored by VerifyNow assay and genotyping for various single-nucleotide polymorphisms was performed.

On some exotic urine colors in ancient and Byzantine Greek literature.

This work does not analyze the entire subject of uroscopy but focuses on a very small part thereof: i.e., some rare urine colors, in particular green and blue.

Tracing the roots of the idea of dialysis: a leap of 20 centuries--from "catharsis" to dialysis.

In this article, we comment on a primitive foresight of Galen's regarding the value of blood purification. His main arguments are based on: (i) The disease-blood concept, i.e.

Juxtaposition of Actuarius' versus Galen's ideas on renal physiology: the impact of 12 centuries.

Although some elements of renal physiology can be traced to scattered references in Greek medical writings, mainly in Hippocrates' and Erasistratus' works, it was Galen who made the first breakthrough observations regarding the function of the kidneys. He often wrote his observations not as a diatribe, but as a confrontation with other physicians, mainly of the Erasistratian School. He outlined the great importance of the disproportionally large blood supply of the kidneys, an over-proportion not observed in any other organ, rightly arguing that this is a teleological procedure to achieve satisfactory body clearance.

Thirty-six Hippocratic aphorisms of nephrologic interest.

In this article, we discuss the nephrologic content within Hippocrates' Aphorisms. Although similar attempts have taken place ever since antiquity, we believe that in each era new insights may be gained by examining the aphorisms through the prism of current medical knowledge. Of the 400 aphorisms in the Hippocratic text, we discuss the 36 that we consider to be most relevant to nephrology.

The late Greco-Roman and Byzantine contribution towards the evolution of laboratory examinations of bodily excrement. Part 2: sputum, vomit, blood, sweat, autopsies.

Although the establishment of medical laboratory institutions was a continuous process that matured only after the 16th century, several attempts had already been made to attain a diagnosis by investigating bodily excrement. In the first part of our work, published in a previous issue of this journal, we presented data on urine, sperm, menses and stools. In this paper we present data on sputum, vomit, blood, sweat, and autopsies, thus completing the list of human materials used for laboratory examinations.

The late Greco-Roman and Byzantine contribution to the evolution of laboratory examinations of bodily excrement. Part 1: Urine, sperm, menses and stools.

It is a common belief that laboratory investigation processes were developed after the 16th century and that before that time no attempts were made to attain a diagnosis by investigating material coming from the human body. In this paper we present data extracted from Byzantine codices that support the following thesis: The idea of examining human excrement for diagnostic purposes has its roots in the Roman and Byzantine eras. The lack of technological means was no obstacle for the doctor to create an "examinational" mind, i.