Are there Risks from Nanocomposite Restoration Grinding for Dentists?

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of short-term inhalational exposure to nanoparticles released during dental composite grinding on oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity markers.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four healthy volunteers were examined before and after exposure in dental workshop. They spent 76.

Transcriptome changes in humans acutely exposed to nanoparticles during grinding of dental nanocomposites.

Today, there is a lack of research studies concerning human acute exposure to nanoparticles (NPs). Our investigation aimed to simulate real-world acute inhalation exposure to NPs released during work with dental nanocomposites in a dental office or technician laboratory. Blood samples from female volunteers were processed before and after inhalation exposure.

Genetic alteration profiling in middle-aged women acutely exposed during the mechanical processing of dental nanocomposites.

Nanoparticles (NPs) have become an important part of everyday life, including their application in dentistry. Aside from their undoubted benefits, questions regarding their risk to human health, and/or genome have arisen. However, studies concerning cytogenetic effects are completely absent.

Elevated glutathione in researchers exposed to engineered nanoparticles due to potential adaptation to oxidative stress.

To find a practical biomonitoring method for researchers exposed to nanoparticles causing oxidative stress. In a continuation of a study in 2016-2018, biological samples (plasma, urine and exhaled breath condensate [EBC]) were collected in 2019-2020 from 43 researchers (13.8 ± 3.

Health effects of exposure to isocyanates in a car factory.

Objectives: Isocyanates are known to induce occupational diseases. The aim of this work was to assess the health effects of exposure to isocyanates and to test the sensitivity of selected parameters for early detection of isocyanate-related allergic diseases.

Methods: In total, 35 employees from one factory were tested: 26 workers exposed to isocyanates (exposed group) and nine office workers (control group).

Three-Year Study of Markers of Oxidative Stress in Exhaled Breath Condensate in Workers Producing Nanocomposites, Extended by Plasma and Urine Analysis in Last Two Years.

Human data concerning exposure to nanoparticles are very limited, and biomarkers for monitoring exposure are urgently needed. In a follow-up of a 2016 study in a nanocomposites plant, in which only exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was examined, eight markers of oxidative stress were analyzed in three bodily fluids, i.e.

The genotoxic effects in the leukocytes of workers handling nanocomposite materials.

The extensive development of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials poses a number of questions to toxicologists about the potential health risks of exposure to nanoparticles (NP). In this study, we analysed DNA damage in the leukocytes of 20 workers who were long-term exposed (18 ± 10 years) to NP in their working environment. Blood samples were collected in September 2016, before and after a shift, to assess (i) the chronic effects of NP on DNA (pre-shift samples) and (ii) the acute effects of exposure during the shift (the difference between pre- and post-shift samples).

DNA Methylation Profiles in a Group of Workers Occupationally Exposed to Nanoparticles.

The risk of exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) has rapidly increased during the last decade due to the vast use of nanomaterials (NMs) in many areas of human life. Despite this fact, human biomonitoring studies focused on the effect of NP exposure on DNA alterations are still rare. Furthermore, there are virtually no epigenetic data available.

Phenotyping Occupational Asthma Caused by Acrylates in a Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: While acrylates are well-known skin sensitizers, they are not classified as respiratory sensitizers although several cases of acrylate-induced occupational asthma (OA) have been reported.

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of acrylate-induced OA in a large series of cases and compare those with OA induced by other low-molecular-weight (LMW) agents.

Methods: Jobs and exposures, clinical and functional characteristics, and markers of airway inflammation were analyzed in an international, multicenter, retrospective cohort of subjects with OA ascertained by a positive inhalation challenge to acrylates (n = 55) or other LMW agents (n = 418) including isocyanates (n = 125).

Severe Occupational Asthma: Insights From a Multicenter European Cohort.

Background: Although sensitizer-induced occupational asthma (OA) accounts for an appreciable fraction of adult asthma, the severity of OA has received little attention.

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the burden and determinants of severe OA in a large multicenter cohort of subjects with OA.

Methods: This retrospective study included 997 subjects with OA ascertained by a positive specific inhalation challenge completed in 20 tertiary centers in 11 European countries during the period 2006 to 2015.

Occupational asthma and rhinitis: Do we think about it as soon as possible?

Occupational asthma and allergic diseases of the upper airway play an important role in occupational diseases. The most frequent allergens, which causes occupational respiratory diseases in the Czech Republic, are isocyanates and wheat and rye flour. Isocyanates are the substances used in car industry during production of polyurethanes, they are in colours and glues.

Deep Airway Inflammation and Respiratory Disorders in Nanocomposite Workers.

Thousands of researchers and workers worldwide are employed in nanocomposites manufacturing, yet little is known about their respiratory health. Aerosol exposures were characterized using real time and integrated instruments. Aerosol mass concentration ranged from 0.

Are high- and low-molecular-weight sensitizing agents associated with different clinical phenotypes of occupational asthma?

Background: High-molecular-weight (HMW) proteins and low-molecular-weight (LMW) chemicals can cause occupational asthma (OA) although few studies have thoroughly compared the clinical, physiological, and inflammatory patterns associated with these different types of agents. The aim of this study was to determine whether OA induced by HMW and LMW agents shows distinct phenotypic profiles.

Methods: Clinical and functional characteristics, and markers of airway inflammation were analyzed in an international, multicenter, retrospective cohort of subjects with OA ascertained by a positive inhalation challenge response to HMW (n = 544) and LMW (n = 635) agents.

Asthma caused by potassium aluminium tetrafluoride: a case series.

The objective of this study is to describe a case-series of potassium aluminium tetrafluoride (KAlF(4))-induced occupational asthma (OA) and/or occupational rhinitis (OR). The study involves five patients from a heat-exchanger production line who were examined (including specific inhalation challenge tests) for suspected OA and/or OR caused by a flux containing almost 100% KAlF(4) - with fluorides' workplace air concentrations ranging between 1.7 and 2.

Occupational asthma follow-up--which markers are elevated in exhaled breath condensate and plasma?

Objectives: To search for optimal markers in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC), plasma and urine that would reflect the activity/severity of occupational asthma (OA) after the withdrawal from the exposure to the allergen.

Material And Methods: Markers of oxidative stress: 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-isoprostane, 8-ISO), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenale (HNE), cysteinyl leukotrienes (LT) and LTB4 were determined using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry in 43 subjects with immunological OA (49.3 ± 11.

Occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis reported to the Czech National Registry Of Occupational Diseases in the period 1992-2005.

Between 1992 and 2005, 72 cases of occupational hypersensitive pneumonitis were reported to the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases. This represented 0.24% of all occupational diseases reported in the Czech Republic during that period.

Leukotrienes and 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate in bronchoprovocation tests with occupational allergens.

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) contains many substances, which could help in diagnosis of occupational asthma. The aim of the study is to monitor leukotrienes (LT) and 8-isoprostane from EBC in bronchoprovocation tests with allergens in 47 patients with suspected occupational asthma. Forty-one patients were tested negative.

Determination of 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) in exhaled breath condensate using combination of immunoseparation and LC-ESI-MS/MS.

Rapid and precise method for the determination of 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha), an essential marker of the oxidative stress, in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was developed. The protocol consisted of stable isotope dilution, immunoseparation combined with selective and sensitive LC-ESI-MS/MS operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The imprecision of the developed method was below 8.

8-isoprostane and leukotrienes in exhaled breath condensate in Czech subjects with silicosis.

Silicosis has progressive, but unpredictable development. There are no markers routinely available to measure the activity and prognosis of silicosis. 8-isoprostane, a marker of oxidative stress and leukotrienes B4, C4, D4, and E4 were measured in exhaled breath condensate in patients with silicosis.

Occupational asthma and rhinitis in workers from a lasamide production line.

Objectives: A wide range of low-molecular-weight agents can cause occupational asthma. The chemical industry is an environment in which numerous hazardous substances are used. Lasamide (2,4-dichloro-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid) is one of them (along with its precursors).

Occupational asthma after withdrawal from the occupational allergen exposure.

Occupational asthma is characterised by airway inflammation, variable airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness related causally to work. The aim of the study was to ascertain whether in patients with occupational asthma findings persist after withdrawal from occupational allergen exposure. A group of 37 patients with occupational asthma and a control group of 19 persons were examined.