Effect of Anesthetic Modality on Decision-to-Delivery Interval and Maternal-Neonatal Outcomes in Category 2 and 3 Cesarean Deliveries.

The optimal anesthetic technique for category 2 and 3 cesarean deliveries remains debated, with concerns about impacts on decision-to-delivery interval (DDI) and perinatal outcomes. This study examined the influence of epidural, spinal, and general anesthesia on DDI, surgical and postoperative complications, and neonatal outcomes. : This prospective cohort study at a tertiary perinatology center enrolled parturient women undergoing category 2 and 3 cesarean deliveries.

Serum Cortisol and Blood Glucose Concentrations in Anesthetized Dogs Administered Levobupivacaine and Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine for Regional Anesthesia of the Oral Cavity.

The effects on the stress response, postanesthetic sedation, and altered behavior were evaluated following regional anesthesia and dental treatment in 40 dogs. Serum cortisol and blood glucose concentrations were measured following the administration of levobupivacaine (LBUP) 0.5% and dexmedetomidine (DEX) (0.

Relationship between labour analgesia modalities and types of anaesthetic techniques in categories 2 and 3 intrapartum caesarean deliveries.

General anesthesia (GA) is typically recommended for category 1 emergency cesarean delivery (CD). For categories 2-4 emergencies, either regional or GA can be used. The factors influencing the choice of anesthetic technique in these categories remain poorly understood.

The pharmacokinetics of levobupivacaine 0.5% after infraorbital or inferior alveolar block in anesthetized dogs.

Introduction: Data are lacking on the pharmacokinetic profile and safety of levobupivacaine (LB) used for regional anesthesia of the maxilla and mandibles in dogs.

Methods: Infraorbital block ( = 10), inferior alveolar block ( = 10) or both infraorbital and inferior alveolar blocks ( = 10) were administered to dogs undergoing dental surgery under isoflurane anesthesia. The dose of LB was calculated as 0.

Cardiopulmonary Effects and Pharmacokinetics of Dexmedetomidine Used as an Adjunctive Analgesic to Regional Anesthesia of the Oral Cavity with Levobupivacaine in Dogs.

This study investigated the cardiopulmonary effects and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine (DEX) used as an adjunctive analgesic for regional anesthesia of the oral cavity with levobupivacaine in anesthetized dogs. Forty dogs were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 dogs. All dogs received levobupivacaine (4 blocks) with DEX IO (infraorbital block, = 10) or IA (inferior alveolar block, = 10) or placebo (PLC; = 10) or DEX ( = 10) was injected intravenously (IV) after administration of levobupivacaine.

Frame-Based and Mask-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery: The Patient Experience, Compared.

Introduction: Noninvasive frameless modalities have become increasingly utilized for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for benign and malignant pathologies. There is minimal comparison in the literature of frame-based (FB) and mask-based (MB) SRS. With the dual capabilities of the Elekta Gamma Knife® Icon™, we sought to compare patient perceptions of FB and MB SRS with respect to comfort and pain and to examine effects of lesion type on the patient experience of SRS.

Atypical ductal hyperplasia on core needle biopsy: Surgical outcomes of 200 consecutive cases from a high-volume breast program.

Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) is an indication for excisional biopsy to rule out occult breast cancer. We analyzed pathological findings on excisional biopsy for ADH diagnosed in a high volume breast center equipped with digital tomosynthesis. Two hundred consecutive patients were diagnosed with ADH on core biopsy with radiographic concordance followed by excisional biopsy.

miRNAs: EBV Mechanism for Escaping Host's Immune Response and Supporting Tumorigenesis.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) or human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4) is a ubiquitous human oncogenic virus, and the first human virus found to express microRNAs (miRNAs). Its genome contains two regions encoding more than 40 miRNAs that regulate expression of both viral and human genes. There are numerous evidences that EBV miRNAs impact immune response, affect antigen presentation and recognition, change T- and B-cell communication, drive antibody production during infection, and have a role in cell apoptosis.

Chromosomal segregation in sperm of the Robertsonian translocation (21;22) carrier and its impact on IVF outcome.

Purpose: To assess the variability of meiotic segregation patterns in sperm of Robertsonian translocation (RobT) carrier t(21;22) and present effect on reproductive outcome.

Methods: Infertile couple enrolled in IVF/ICSI program. Sperm chromosomal segregation analysis was done using FISH; preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploids (PGT-A) was performed by NGS.

PHOTOCOAGULATION VERSUS RANIBIZUMAB FOR PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: Should Baseline Characteristics Affect Choice of Treatment?

Purpose: Among eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, identify whether baseline characteristics impact the benefit of ranibizumab over panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in DRCR.net Protocol S.

Methods: Participants had proliferative diabetic retinopathy, visual acuity of 20/320 or better, and no previous PRP.

Panretinal Photocoagulation Versus Ranibizumab for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Factors Associated with Vision and Edema Outcomes.

Purpose: To identify baseline factors associated with change in visual acuity or development of vision-impairing central-involved diabetic macular edema (DME) over 2 years when treating proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with ranibizumab or panretinal photocoagulation (PRP).

Design: Post hoc analyses of randomized, multicenter clinical trial data.

Participants: Eyes completing the 2-year visit (n = 328) or without vision-impairing central-involved DME at baseline (n = 302) in Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network Protocol S.

In vitro antioxidant activity of thiazolidinone derivatives of 1,3-thiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole.

The initial steps in preclinical drug developing research concern the synthesis of new compounds for specific therapeutic use which needs to be confirmed by in vitro and then in vivo testing. Nine thiazolidinone derivatives (numerically labeled 1-9) classified as follows: 1,3-thiazole-based compounds (1 and 2); 1,3,4-thiadiazole based compounds (3 and 4); substituted 5-benzylideno-2-adamantylthiazol[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-6(5H)ones (5-8); and an ethylaminothiazole-based chalcone (9), were tested for antioxidant activity (AOA) by using three in vitro assays: DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging capacity test); FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power test); and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances test). Compounds 1-4 and 9 in particular are newly synthesized compounds.

Oxidative stress, bioelements and androgen status in testes of rats subacutely exposed to cadmium.

The objective of our study was to examine testicular toxicity of cadmium (Cd), focusing on oxidative stress (OS), essential metals and androgenic status and morphological changes. Male Wistar rats [controls and four Cd-subgroups (n = 6) organized according to the exposure (1, 3, 10 and 21 days)] were intraperitoneally (i.p.

The effects of cadmium-zinc interactions on biochemical responses in tobacco seedlings and adult plants.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of cadmium-zinc (Cd-Zn) interactions on their uptake, oxidative damage of cell macromolecules (lipids, proteins, DNA) and activities of antioxidative enzymes in tobacco seedlings as well as roots and leaves of adult plants. Seedlings and plants were exposed to Cd (10 µM and 15 µM) and Zn (25 µM and 50 µM) as well as their combinations (10 µM or 15 µM Cd with either 25 µM or 50 µM Zn). Measurement of metal accumulation exhibited that Zn had mostly positive effect on Cd uptake in roots and seedlings, while Cd had antagonistic effect on Zn uptake in leaves and roots.

Evaluation of visual acuity measurements after autorefraction vs manual refraction in eyes with and without diabetic macular edema.

Objective: To compare visual acuity (VA) scores after autorefraction vs manual refraction in eyes of patients with diabetes mellitus and a wide range of VAs.

Methods: The letter score from the Electronic Visual Acuity (EVA) test from the electronic Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study was measured after autorefraction (AR-EVA score) and after manual refraction (MR-EVA score), which is the research protocol of the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Testing order was randomized, study participants and VA examiners were masked to refraction source, and a second EVA test using an identical supplemental manual refraction (MR-EVAsuppl score) was performed to determine test-retest variability.

Biochemical responses of Lemna minor experimentally exposed to cadmium and zinc.

The effects of 5 μM cadmium (Cd), a non-essential toxic element and 25 and 50 μM zinc (Zn), an essential micronutrient, were investigated in aquatic plant Lemna minor L. after 4 and 7 days of exposure to each metal alone or to their combinations. Both metals showed tendency to accumulate with time, but when present in combination, they reduced uptake of each other.

Effect of copper on the toxicity and genotoxicity of cadmium in duckweed (lemna minor L.).

We investigated interactions between copper (in the concentrations of 2.5 μmol L-1 and 5 μmol L-1) and cadmium (5 μmol L-1) in common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) by exposing it to either metal or to their combinations for four or seven days.

DNA integrity of chub erythrocytes (Squalius cephalus L.) as an indicator of pollution-related genotoxicity in the River Sava.

An alkaline comet assay and a micronucleus test were carried out on erythrocytes of the European chub, Squalius cephalus L., collected in spring and autumn in 2005 and 2006 at three sampling sites in River Sava, near Zagreb, Croatia. The results of comet assay showed the lowest genotoxic influence at the least polluted site, while higher DNA damage was observed at the polluted sites.

Duckweed Lemna minor as a tool for testing toxicity and genotoxicity of surface waters.

In this investigation growth parameters and certain endpoints (pigment content, peroxidase activity, lipid peroxidation and alkaline comet assay) were used to detect the toxic and genotoxic effects of surface water samples on duckweed plants. The surface waters of different origin and pollutant burdens were collected monthly over a 3-month monitoring period at three sampling sites along the river Sava and its confluents (Croatia). Physicochemical characterization of the water samples included measurements of conductivity, chemical and biological oxygen demand, levels of total suspended solids, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, Kjeldahl nitrogen and orthophosphate.

Thallium toxicity in humans.

Thallium is a naturally occurring trace element, widely distributed in the earth's crust, but at very low concentrations. It does not have a known biological use and does not appear to be an essential element for life. It has been considered one of the most toxic heavy metals.

Cage exposure of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) for in situ assessment of pollution-related genotoxicity.

Genotoxic effects are often the earliest signs of pollution-related environmental disturbance. In this study, we used the comet assay and micronucleus test to assess DNA damage in the erythrocytes of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) exposed to environmental pollution in situ. Fish were collected from a fish farm in the Trogir Bay and their cages placed at an unpolluted reference site Solta (Necujam Bay) and a polluted site Vranjic (Kastela Bay) for four weeks.

Ecotoxicological assessment of industrial effluent using duckweed (Lemna minor L.) as a test organism.

This study aimed at assessing the toxic effects of industrial effluents using duckweed (Lemna minor L.) plants as a test system. Growth inhibition test according to standardized protocol (ISO 20079) was performed.

Genotoxicity monitoring of freshwater environments using caged carp (Cyprinus carpio).

The present study deals with genotoxicity assessment of freshwaters using caged carp (Cyprinus carpio). Carps were transplanted from a fish-farm to three differently polluted sites in eastern Croatia. Two polluted sites were situated in the river Drava, downstream from the cities of Belisće and Osijek, while the reference site was in the Nature Park Kopacki rit, a preserved wetland area with limited anthropogenic influence.

Assessment of genotoxicity in polluted freshwaters using caged painter's mussel, Unio pictorum.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the applicability of caged painter's mussel, Unio pictorum for freshwater environmental genotoxicity assessment. Mussels in cages were exposed for 3 weeks in 2002-2004 to polluted sites in two large rivers in the Croatia, the Sava and Drava, and on the respective reference sites. DNA damage was assessed in haemocytes of the exposed mussels by the comet and micronucleus assays.