Trends in the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole for Strains of Bordetella pertussis isolated in the Czech Republic in 1967-2015.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine trends in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of erythromycin used as first-line therapy and alternative antibiotics against Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) strains isolated from patients with whooping cough in the Czech Republic (CR) in three periods from 1967 to 2015.

Methods: In total, 135 isolates from the years 1967–2015 were analysed.

Enteric fever imported to the Czech Republic: epidemiology, clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility.

The aim of this study was to describe epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported enteric fever in Czech travellers and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated strains. Retrospective descriptive study included adult patients treated with enteric fever at Hospital Na Bulovce during January 2004-December 2012. A case of typhoid or paratyphoid fever was defined as isolation of Salmonella Typhi or Paratyphi from blood or stool.

High prevalence of ST131 among CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli from community-acquired infections, in the Czech Republic.

A total of 2,683 nonrepetitive Escherichia coli isolates were collected from microbiological laboratories covering all regions of the Czech Republic, during April 2011. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of E. coli were assessed.

[Antibiotic resistance in nontyphoidal salmonellae serovars in the Czech Republic].

Study Aim: To determine antibiotic resistance and incidence of multidrug resistance among Nontyphoidal salmonellae serovars isolated from humans.

Material And Methods: Consecutive Salmonella isolates from patients, recovered in 48 microbiology laboratories in May 2012, were analyzed in the respective reference laboratories at the National Institute of Public Health. Strains were re-identified and differentiated into serovars.

KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a Czech patient previously hospitalized in Greece and in vivo selection of colistin resistance.

Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria peak clinical interest due to their ability to hydrolyze most β-lactams, including carbapenems; moreover, their genes spread through bacterial populations by horizontal transfer. Bacteria with acquired carbapenemase have sporadically been reported in the Czech Republic, so far only in Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, we described the first finding of a KPC-2-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, which was isolated from a surgical wound swab, decubitus ulcer, and urine of a patient previously hospitalized in Greece.

DHA-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a teaching hospital in the Czech Republic.

Thirty-eight AmpC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates identified from January to October 2006 in a large teaching hospital in the Czech Republic were analyzed. The AmpC cephalosporinase was identified as DHA-1, encoded by a plasmid-located complex class 1 integron, previously observed in a K. pneumoniae isolate from the Parisian region.

Carbapenem-nonsusceptible strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing SHV-5 and/or DHA-1 beta-lactamases in a Czech hospital.

Resistance to carbapenems in enterobacteria is mediated by the production of several types of carbapenemases or by the decreased permeability of the outer membrane, combined with the expression of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) or AmpC-like cephalosporinases. The objective of this study was to characterize carbapenem-nonsusceptible (C-NS) isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in the University Hospital in Plzen (Czech Republic) and compare them with carbapenem-susceptible (C-S) K. pneumoniae isolates from the same patients.

Serotype-specific invasive disease potential of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Czech children.

To estimate the invasive disease potential of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes, invasive isolates (n=138) were compared with nasopharyngeal isolates (n=153) from children under 6 years of age in the Czech Republic. Odds ratios (ORs) based on a comparison of the distribution of S. pneumoniae serotypes amongst invasive and carriage isolates were calculated for individual serotypes and 172 strains were characterized using multilocus sequence typing.

Clonal distribution of invasive pneumococci, Czech Republic, 1996-2003.

We conducted surveillance on invasive pneumococci isolated from adults in the Czech Republic during 1996-2003. The 7 most prevalent serotypes were characterized. Coverage with the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was low.

International clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in a Czech hospital.

A 2-month survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers was performed in a Czech hospital. Klebsiella pneumoniae produced SHV-2, -5, or -12, Escherichia coli produced CTX-M-9 or -15, and other species produced TEM-92 or -132. All K.

Hospital antibiotic management in the Czech Republic--results of the ABS maturity survey of the ABS International group.

Background: Hospital antibiotic stewardship (ABS) programs are essential for ensuring long-lasting quality of antibiotic usage and for controlling antimicrobial resistance in the hospital setting.

Methods: A questionnaire for self-assessment of a hospital's ABS maturity was sent to 80 Czech hospitals in May 2007. The survey was focused on diagnostic issues, control of antibiotic consumption, antibiotic-related organization and tools, antibiotic-related personnel development and antibiotic-related relationships to relevant environments.

High genotypic diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis in the Czech Republic.

Over the last decade, epidemic and frequently multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has increasingly been found among European cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. In the Czech Republic, more than half of the registered CF patients attend the Prague CF centre. At this centre, a Burkholderia cenocepacia strain was recently found to have spread among the patients.

Epidemiological relationships among penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae strains recovered in the Czech Republic.

Since 1986, penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci (PNSP) have been found in the Czech Republic. As documented by a nationwide study, the proportion of invasive strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin has fluctuated around 5 % in the past decade. Although the level of resistance to penicillin remains stable, the contribution of different capsular serotypes among the PNSP population varies.

Susceptibility to telithromycin in 1,011 Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from 10 central and Eastern European countries.

Among 1,011 recently isolated Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from 10 Central and Eastern European centers, the MICs at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC(50)s) and the MIC(90)s were as follows: for telithromycin, 0.03 and 0.06 microg/ml, respectively; for erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin, 0.

Susceptibilities to telithromycin and six other agents and prevalence of macrolide resistance due to L4 ribosomal protein mutation among 992 Pneumococci from 10 central and Eastern European countries.

The macrolide and levofloxacin susceptibilities of 992 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from clinical specimens collected in 1999 and 2000 were determined in 10 centers in Central and Eastern European countries. The prevalences of penicillin G-intermediate (MICs, 0.125 to 1 microg/ml) and penicillin-resistant (MICs, < or =2 microg/ml) Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were 14.