Synergistic removal of pharmaceuticals and antibiotic resistance from ultrafiltered WWTP effluent: Free-floating ARGs exceptionally susceptible to degradation.

To protect the environment and human health, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and persistent pharmaceuticals need to be removed from WWTP effluent prior to its reuse. However, an efficient process for removing free-floating extracellular DNA (exDNA) in combination with a wide range of pharmaceuticals is yet to be reported for real process conditions. As a possible solution, we treated real ultrafiltered WWTP effluent with UV/HO and combined GAC and zeolite sorption.

Retortamonads from vertebrate hosts share features of anaerobic metabolism and pre-adaptations to parasitism with diplomonads.

Although the mitochondria of extant eukaryotes share a single origin, functionally these organelles diversified to a great extent, reflecting lifestyles of the organisms that host them. In anaerobic protists of the group Metamonada, mitochondria are present in reduced forms (also termed hydrogenosomes or mitosomes) and a complete loss of mitochondrion in Monocercomonoides exilis (Metamonada:Preaxostyla) has also been reported. Within metamonads, retortamonads from the gastrointestinal tract of vertebrates form a sister group to parasitic diplomonads (e.

Molecular and Morphological Diversity of the Oxymonad Genera Monocercomonoides and Blattamonas gen. nov.

Oxymonads are a group of flagellates living as gut symbionts of insects or vertebrates. They have several unique features, one of them being the absence of mitochondria. Diversity of this group is seriously understudied, which is particularly true for small species from the family Polymastigidae.

Anaerobic digestion of aliphatic polyesters.

Anaerobic processes for the treatment of plastic materials waste represent versatile and effective approach in environmental protection and solid waste management. In this work, anaerobic biodegradability of model aliphatic polyesters, poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA), and poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), in the form of powder and melt-pressed films with varying molar mass, was studied. Biogas production was explored in batch laboratory trials at 55 ± 1°C under a nitrogen atmosphere.

Morphological and Molecular Diversity of the Neglected Genus Rhizomastix Alexeieff, 1911 (Amoebozoa: Archamoebae) with Description of Five New Species.

The genus Rhizomastix is a poorly known group of amoeboid heterotrophic flagellates living as intestinal commensals of insects, amphibians or reptiles, and as inhabitants of organic freshwater sediments. Eleven Rhizomastix species have been described so far, but DNA sequences from only a single species have been published. Recently, phylogenetic analyses confirmed a previous hypothesis that the genus belongs to the Archamoebae; however, its exact position therein remains unclear.

Trichomonosis in Eurasian sparrowhawks in the Czech Republic.

Pigeon, doves and songbirds are hosts of the parasite Trichomonas gallinae (Rivolta, 1878), which causes avian trichomonosis. Raptors are infected when they digest infected prey. A high percentage of the diet of Eurasian sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus (Linnaeus) is comprised of birds.

Molecular and morphological diversity of the genus Hypotrichomonas (Parabasalia: Hypotrichomonadida), with descriptions of six new species.

The genus HypotrichomonasLee, 1960 belongs to the small parabasalian class Hypotrichomonadea. Although five Hypotrichomonas species have been described from intestines of lizards and birds, some descriptions were brief and incomplete. Only the type species H.

First report on trichomonads from true bugs.

Although the hindgut of some insects represents a rich source of intestinal trichomonads, their diversity is only poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence and abundance of intestinal trichomonads in true bugs (Heteroptera). We microscopically examined intestinal contents of more than 780 specimens belonging to 28 families of true bugs from localities in China, Ghana and Papua New Guinea for the presence of intestinal endosymbionts.

Multigene phylogenies of diverse Carpediemonas-like organisms identify the closest relatives of 'amitochondriate' diplomonads and retortamonads.

Diplomonads, retortamonads, and "Carpediemonas-like" organisms (CLOs) are a monophyletic group of protists that are microaerophilic/anaerobic and lack typical mitochondria. Most diplomonads and retortamonads are parasites, and the pathogen Giardia intestinalis is known to possess reduced mitochondrion-related organelles (mitosomes) that do not synthesize ATP. By contrast, free-living CLOs have larger organelles that superficially resemble some hydrogenosomes, organelles that in other protists are known to synthesize ATP anaerobically.

Extensive diversity of intestinal trichomonads of non-human primates.

Despite the fact that the non-human primates are our closest relatives and represent a species-rich mammalian group, little is known about their intestinal protistan parasites/commensals. Particularly, the intestinal trichomonads represent a neglected part of the fauna of the primate digestive system. We have established 30 trichomonad strains isolated from feces of 11 primate species kept in 3 Czech zoos and performed an analysis of their SSU rDNA and ITS1-5·8S rDNA-ITS2.