Comparison of Broder's and Bryne's Grading System for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Lymph Node Metastases and Prognosis: A Scoping Review.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has the highest mortality rate of any type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. For many eons, the clinical TNM (tumor size, nodal metastasis, and distant metastasis) classification and histological grading of malignancies have been used to predict clinical behavior, confusing it with prognosis and overall survival. This review aimed to systematically identify and evaluate the prognostic value of Broder's and Bryne's grading system for OSCC.

Etiological Profile, Targeted Levothyroxine Dosing and Impact of Partial Newborn Screening in Congenital Hypothyroidism-A Single Centre Experience.

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common cause of preventable intellectual disability. Newborn screening (NBS) for CH has been in vogue in many parts of the world since 1970, but despite its well-known benefits, many developing countries including India have not been able to establish universal NBS for CH till date.

Objective: The aim of this study was to review the clinical aspects of congenital hypothyroidism in a tertiary care university referral teaching hospital, focusing on aetiology of CH, predictors of permanence, optimal targeted dose strategies based on aetiology and the effect of newborn screening on the time to diagnosis.

Recent advances in anaesthesia for abdominal solid organ transplantation.

Organ transplantation has undergone remarkable revolution in the last two decades and offers a scope for survival amongst patients with end-stage organ failure. Along with availability of advanced surgical equipment and haemodynamic monitors, minimally invasive surgical techniques have emerged as options for surgery both amongst the donors and recipients. Newer trends in haemodynamic monitoring and expertise in ultrasound guided fascial plane blocks have changed the management in both donors and recipients.

Cost-effective genotyping for classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) in resource-poor settings: multiplex ligation probe amplification (MLPA) with/without sequential next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Purpose: Genotyping of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) is becoming increasingly significant beyond prenatal counseling in the current era of emerging gene therapy/editing technologies. While the knowledge of common variants helps in designing cost-effective genotyping strategies, limited data are currently available from the Indian subcontinent, especially South India, mainly due to financial constraints. The aim of this study is to assess the genotype of individuals with classic CAH from a South Indian cohort in a cost-effective manner.

Preoperative cardiology referral practices at a tertiary care centre: A retrospective observational study.

Background Preoperative consultations and testing add to healthcare costs. Unnecessary consultations lead to further testing and delay in surgery. Guidelines help us in clinical practice but are seldom followed.

Comparison of thoracolumbar interfascial plane block with local anaesthetic infiltration in lumbar spine surgeries - A prospective double-blinded randomised controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Posterior lumbar spine fusion surgeries are associated with severe postoperative pain necessitating a multimodal analgesic regime. Wound infiltration with local anaesthetic is an accepted modality for postoperative analgesia in spine surgeries. Thoracolumbar interfascial plane (TLIP) block is a novel technique being evaluated for providing analgesia in lumbar spine surgeries.

Extrahepatic metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma on F FDG PET CT.

Background: To determine locations, relative frequencies, imaging features, and pattern of distribution of extrahepatic metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose (F-FDG) PET CT.

Methods: FDG PET CT scans of 224 consecutive patients of HCC acquired between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed. Fifty-six patients detected with extrahepatic metastasis on FDG PET CT were retrospectively analyzed.

All India Difficult Airway Association guidelines in practice-A survey.

Background And Aims: The All India Difficult Airway Association (AIDAA) has come up with difficult airway (DA) guidelines to suit the Indian context. We conducted an online survey with the primary aim to find out the awareness about AIDAA guidelines and adherence to them in clinical practice. The secondary aims were to explore variations in practice with respect to experience or the type of the institute.

FRAX-based osteoporosis treatment guidelines for resource-poor settings in India.

Unlabelled: Using the FRAX® model for India, thresholds for osteoporosis evaluation and treatment without bone mineral density measurement were derived and were validated in a cohort of 300 patients. We suggest the use of this newer age and ethnic-specific FRAX®-derived thresholds for management of osteoporosis in India.

Purpose: Our study aimed to formulate population-specific intervention thresholds for treatment of osteoporosis in India which can be used even without dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Oral Levothyroxine is an Effective Option for Myxedema Coma: A Single-Centre Experience.

Introduction: Myxedema coma is an endocrine emergency with a very high mortality rate. As per the American Thyroid Association, initial thyroid hormone replacement for myxedema coma should be intravenous levothyroxine (LT4). However, in India, the availability of intravenous LT4 is limited.

The clinical learning environment in anaesthesiology in Kerala---Is it good enough?---A web-based survey.

Background And Aims: Evaluation of postgraduate (PG) training is important so that necessary modifications can be made. The quality of anaesthesiology teaching in our country has not been explored. We performed a survey among the anaesthesiology PGs of Kerala to assess their perceptions about their learning environment as well as to look for the deficits in the training program.

Health related quality of life in pediatric onset Type 1 diabetes mellitus in Kerala, India.

Background: To study the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pediatric onset Type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM) in the state of Kerala in India.

Methods: Diabetes specific HRQoL was determined in 107 subjects with onset of T1DM less than 21 years using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.2 questionnaire of which 69 also completed the PedsQL 4.

Plain Language Summaries of Clinical Trial Results: A Preliminary Study to Assess Availability of Easy-to-Understand Summaries and Approaches to Improving Public Engagement.

Background: Easy-to-understand, stand-alone factual summaries of clinical trial results have the potential to improve public understanding of and engagement with pharmaceutical research. The European Clinical Trial Regulation (EU) No. 536/2014 is a major regulatory initiative that will result in a large number of such plain language summaries (PLSs) posted in the public domain.

Clinical Profile of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Audit from a Tertiary Care Center in South India.

Context: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), being an aggressive disease, requires meticulous follow-up and multidisciplinary management. The clinical presentation, management, outcome of MTC varies among different populations.

Aims: An audit was conducted to evaluate the demography, clinical presentation, management, and outcome of MTC in a tertiary care center in South India.

Hypophysitis in granulomatosis with polyangiitis: rare presentation of a multisystem disease.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a type of granulomatous vasculitis that can involve any organ in the body. The pituitary gland is one of the uncommon sites to be involved in this condition, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Our patient initially presented with central diabetes insipidus, epistaxis and haematuria.

Monogenic diabetes: A single center experience from South India.

Monogenic forms of diabetes in children are frequently misclassified as either type 1 diabetes or young-onset type 2 diabetes. There is a paucity of literature regarding pediatric monogenic diabetes in the Indian population. A retrospective analysis of case records of 37 children with monogenic diabetes who were diagnosed between 2008 and 2019 in a South Indian tertiary care center was performed.