Alpha-defensins determination in different types of synovial fluid and parallel collected serum samples by ELISA.

Aims: The study aims were to verify the serum (S) and synovial fluid (SF) reference intervals (RIs) for human neutrophil defensins (HNP1-3); measure S and SF defensin concentrations in different types of SF, including non-inflammatory, inflammatory non-pyogenic, inflammatory pyogenic, and hemorrhagic; and to compare the HNP1-3 concentrations in SF and S with those of other inflammatory biomarkers.

Methods: SF and S samples were collected from 92 patients. HNP1-3 concentrations were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; glucose, lactate, interleukin-6, and procalcitonin using an automatic analyzer; and presepsin using a Pathfast system.