Publications by authors named "Pavel S Orlov"
Background: A socioeconomic crisis in Russia lasted from 1991 to 1998 and was accompanied by a sharp drop in the birth rate. The main factor that influenced the refusal to have children during this period is thought to be prolonged social stress.
Methods: comparing frequencies of common gene variants associated with stress-induced diseases among generations born before, after, and during this crisis may show which genes may be preferred under the pressure of natural selection during periods of increased social stress in urban populations.
Prevalence of Common Alleles of Some Stress Resilience Genes among Adolescents Born in Different Periods Relative to the Socioeconomic Crisis of the 1990s in Russia.
Curr Issues Mol Biol
December 2022
Social stress is common among people and is considered one of the causes of the declining birth rate. Predisposition to stress and stress-induced disorders is largely determined genetically. We hypothesized that due to differences in stress resistance, carriers of different genetic variants of genes associated with stress resilience and stress-induced diseases may have dissimilar numbers of offspring under conditions of long-term social stress.
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- - Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a genetic form of diabetes that appears in young individuals, caused by defects in pancreatic beta-cell function, with 14 known subtypes linked to specific gene mutations.
- - The most common MODY subtypes are linked to mutations in genes such as HNF1A, GCK, and HNF4A, with up to 70% of cases arising from HNF1A and HNF4A mutations.
- - In a study of 178 patients in Western Siberia, novel mutations were identified in several MODY genes among 38 individuals, highlighting the genetic diversity and complexity of this condition.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers analyzed a group of 151 patients with MODY and found 13 variants; one specific variant, rs11544593, was significantly more common in the MODY patients compared to a control group.
- * The study suggests that the rs11544593 variant may affect blood glucose levels and could have implications for understanding carbohydrate metabolism issues in MODY patients.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to explore the link between specific genetic polymorphisms and the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among cases and controls, using data from international genome-wide studies.
- A total of 285 SCD cases and 421 controls were analyzed, with DNA extracted and genotyped for several SNPs using real-time PCR.
- While no significant overall differences were found, specific polymorphisms (rs1333049, rs10757278 in men, and rs499818 in women over 50) showed a notable association with increased SCD risk.