The cognitive triad network - oscillation - behaviour links individual differences in EEG theta frequency with task performance and effective connectivity.

We reconcile two significant lines of Cognitive Neuroscience research: the relationship between the structural and functional architecture of the brain and behaviour on the one hand and the functional significance of oscillatory brain processes to behavioural performance on the other. Network neuroscience proposes that the three elements, behavioural performance, EEG oscillation frequency, and network connectivity should be tightly connected at the individual level. Young and old healthy adults were recruited as a proxy for performance variation.

Chirp Analyzer for Estimating Amplitude and Latency of Steady-State Auditory Envelope Following Responses.

Objective: The envelope following response (EFR) is a clinically relevant evoked potential, reflecting the synchronization of the auditory pathway to the temporal envelope of sounds. Since there is no standard analysis of this potential, we here aim at contrasting the relative accuracy of known time-frequency methods and new strategies for the reliable estimation of the EFR amplitude and latency.

Methods: The EFR was estimated using explicit time-frequency methods: the Short-Term Fourier Transform (STFT) and the Morlet Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT).

Persistence of EEG Alpha Entrainment Depends on Stimulus Phase at Offset.

Neural entrainment is the synchronization of neural activity to the frequency of repetitive external stimuli, which can be observed as an increase in the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum at the driving frequency, -also known as the steady-state response. Although it has been systematically reported that the entrained EEG oscillation persists for approximately three cycles after stimulus offset, the neural mechanisms underpinning it remain unknown. Focusing on alpha oscillations, we adopt the dynamical excitation/inhibition framework, which suggests that phases of entrained EEG signals correspond to alternating excitatory/inhibitory states of the neural circuitry.

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials.

Neural entrainment refers to the synchronization of neural activity to the periodicity of sensory stimuli. This synchronization defines the generation of steady-state evoked responses (i.e.

Estimation of auditory steady-state responses based on the averaging of independent EEG epochs.

The amplitude of auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) generated in the brainstem of rats exponentially decreases over the sequential averaging of EEG epochs. This behavior is partially due to the adaptation of the ASSR induced by the continuous and monotonous stimulation. In this study, we analyzed the potential clinical relevance of the ASSR adaptation.

Habituation of Auditory Steady State Responses Evoked by Amplitude-Modulated Acoustic Signals in Rats.

Generation of the auditory steady state responses (ASSR) is commonly explained by the linear combination of random background noise activity and the stationary response. Based on this model, the decrease of amplitude that occurs over the sequential averaging of epochs of the raw data has been exclusively linked to the cancelation of noise. Nevertheless, this behavior might also reflect the non-stationary response of the ASSR generators.

Maturational time course of the envelope following response to amplitude-modulated acoustic signals in rats.

Objective: The maturation pattern of the envelope following response (EFR) was described using rats as an experimental model.

Design: EFRs were recorded in animals at different postnatal ages (15, 20, 25, 35, and 70 postnatal days) in response to broadband noise (BBN) and tones of 8000 and 4000 Hz modulated in amplitude using a continuous sweep of modulation frequencies. Responses were analysed in the 90-190 Hz modulation frequency (MF) range.