Knowledge of Droplet Infection and Airborne Isolation Among Dental Students in South India: A Questionnaire Study.

Background Infections can spread within the dental clinic through many routes. Interrupting this transmission of infection within the dental office is an important part of the dental practice. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding precautions against droplet and airborne infections among dental students in South India.

Emerging Therapies and Therapeutic Targets for Composite Liver Disease: NASH.

Background: Liver diseases continue to destroy the lives of people, one of which is known as Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) that becomes a serious liver disease all around the world over the last few years. Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and is characterized by liver steatosis, inflammation, different degrees of fibrosis, and hepatocellular injury. The inflammatory mediators play a vital role in the transition of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL) to Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), which further leads to Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and becomes a cause of liver transplantation.

Panoramic Indices: An Aid to Early Detection of Patients with Low Bone Mineral Density.

 An early identification of patients who are at an obvious increased risk of osteoporosis and subsequent high risk of pathological bone fractures is important to prevent morbidity and its subsequent impact on the quality of life of the affected patients. Dental professionals have a chance of identifying such cases in their very initial stages through routinely prescribed dental radiographs. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of gender and age on different parameters of alveolar bone loss using orthopantomograph (OPG) as an aid to identify patients with low bone mineral density (BMD).

Distribution of School Children Based on the Type of Terminal Plane in Primary Dentition: A Study among 3- to 5-year-old Children in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Background: This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of primary malocclusion among school children under 5 years of age in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

Materials And Methods: A total of 814 school children under 5 years were selected from 5 government and 5 private schools in Chennai city, Tamil Nadu, India, and their occlusion was recorded based on the terminal planes. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software.

Estimating and valuing the carbon release in scenarios of land-use and climate changes in a Brazilian coastal area.

Deforestation is a significant source of man-made carbon in the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse gas (GHG) effect. Although carbon releases are associated to the ecosystem functions of climate regulation and are essential ecological processes that sustain life, their incremental economic impact is difficult to estimate. Using the InVEST model, this work quantifies and assesses the value of the carbon balance generated by predictive land-use change (LUC) scenarios for the Northern Coast of São Paulo State, Brazil.

Quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials in ten academic Indian dental journals.

Background: Biased results from poorly reported trials can mislead decision-making in health care at all levels, from treatment decisions for the individual patient to formulation of national public health policies.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in ten Indian dental journals over the period 2011-2012.

Materials And Methods: This study included all RCTs published as full-text articles reported in ten Indian dental journals over the period from 2011 to 2012.

Accuracy of Demirjian's 8 teeth method for age prediction in South Indian children: A comparative study.

Introduction: Demirjian's method of tooth development is most commonly used to assess age in individuals with emerging teeth. However, its application on numerous populations has resulted in wide variations in age estimates and consequent suggestions for the method's adaptation to the local sample. Original Demirjian's method utilized seven mandibular teeth, to which recently third molar is added so that the method can be applied on a wider age group.

Zingerone regulates intestinal transit, attenuates behavioral and oxidative perturbations in irritable bowel disorder in rats.

Stress can lead to the manifestation of functional gastrointestinal disorders, the most prominent being irritable bowel disorder. The present study investigated the impact zingerone in ameliorating chronic water stress induced irritable bowel disorder, brain gut axis dysfunction and dysregulation of the intestinal barrier due to oxidative stress. Rats were randomly allocated to groups and subjected to chronic water stress for a period of 21 days for 1h and the fecal pellet output was measured.

Her-2/neu status: a neglected marker of prognostication and management of breast cancer patients in India.

Background: Categorizing breast tumors based on the ER, PR and HER/Neu 2 receptor status is necessary in order to predict outcome and assist in management of breast cancer. Herfe we assessed this question in South Indian patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 619 formalin fixed paraffin embedded breast tumor tissues were collected from pathology archives after receipt of ethical clearance.

Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with oral lichen planus.

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic mucocutaneous disease of uncertain etiology. Recent reports suggest that LP is an extrahepatic manifestation of Hepatitis C infection.

Objective: To determine the association of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with oral LP and to study the tests of liver function in patients with oral LP.