A novel approach in understanding the basic modes of ventilation in a recent generation mechanical ventilator- A review of the underlying principles.

Understanding the basic concepts and the dynamics of the equation of motion will help the anaesthesiologist and the intensive care physician in gaining an insight into the basics of modern mechanical ventilation. An equation of the type V = V × (1-e) is often encountered while studying the concepts of mechanical ventilation. This leaves one wondering about the meaning of 'e'.

Isobaric forms of ropivacaine . bupivacaine in lower abdominal surgeries: a hospital-based, prospective, comparative study.

We aimed to assess whether ropivacaine (0.75%; 22.5 mg) can replace bupivacaine (0.