Prevalence and associated factors related to sarcopenia in people living with HIV/AIDS.

Background: The use of antiretrovirals has increased the survival of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), resulting in an aging population and a rise in the incidence of sarcopenia. The lack of uniformity among the prevalences found in studies may be associated with the use of different diagnostic criteria, highlighting the need for local studies to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia.

Methods: Cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia using the revised criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2).

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Neurocryptococcosis Associated with HIV in Northeastern Brazil.

Cryptococcal meningitis is a serious infection of the central nervous system that is predominant in developing countries, caused by fungi of the genus , and which affects immunosuppressed patients, especially those with HIV. Here, we aim to diagnose and characterize the clinical-epidemiological profile of cryptococcosis in patients admitted to two tertiary public hospitals in northeastern Brazil. The study is divided into three moments: (1) the isolation of fungus and diagnosis from biological samples collected between 2017 and 2019, (2) a description of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients, and (3) the experimental tests related to an in vitro susceptibility antifungal profile.

Comparison of Retinal Structure Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography between Persons with and without HIV Infection.

HIV retinal microangiopathy is an important predictor for increased risk of mortality. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) can investigate microvascular changes resulting from retinal diseases. Study included 25 persons with HIV and 25 healthy persons.

Proximal tubular dysfunction related to tenofovir in people living with HIV/AIDS: a pharmacogenetic study.

Objectives: The purpose of this case-control study was to verify the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding drug transporters related to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and proximal renal tubular dysfunction (PRTD), and the association between PRTD and clinical characteristics.

Methods: The 'cases' met the diagnostic criteria for PRTD, determined by the presence of two or more of the following abnormalities: non-diabetic glycosuria, metabolic acidosis, increased uric acid and phosphorus excretion, decreased tubular phosphorus reabsorption and β2-microglobulinuria. We analyzed eight SNPs in ABCC2, ABCC4, ABCC10 and SLC28A2 genes.

Therapeutic Potential of Photosynthetic Microorganisms for Visceral Leishmaniasis: An Immunological Analysis.

New therapeutic strategies for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) have been studied, and the development of an immunotherapeutic agent that modulates the host's immune response is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioactive extracts of photosynthetic microorganisms (PMs) for their leishmanicidal/leishmanistatic and immunomodulatory potentials. Bioactive extracts from PMs ( and ) were obtained by sonication.

Treatment of mycobacteriosis in a patient with compatible symptoms after a cesarean delivery.

This study aims to report the diagnostic course and treatment of a fast-growing mycobacteria infection after cesarean delivery. We report the case of a 37-year-old woman admitted to the Infectious Diseases' Clinic of the Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco State, Brazil, four months after a cesarean section, presenting with healing difficulties and located pain outside the surgical site. The first diagnosis was a probable rejection of the sutures that were not absorbed, but based on the clinical signs, reported history, complementary laboratory tests and no response to treatment with the conventional antibiotic therapy (cephalosporins/quinolones) prescribed, the ultimate diagnosis was a mycobacteriosis caused by Micobacterium fortuitum.

Clonal Dissemination of Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii Carriers of 16S rRNA Methylase Genes in an Oncological Hospital in Recife, Brazil.

16S rRNA methylases confer high-level resistance to aminoglycosides which are used to treat serious infections caused by gram-negative bacteria, such as Acinetobacter spp. Some genes encoding these enzymes are disseminated worldwide, while others were detected in only some countries. The objective was to characterize the susceptibility profile to aminoglycosides (amikacin and gentamicin) of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp.

HIV-related lymphomas in adults served in the public health network: An observational study.

Individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have higher morbidity and mortality due to cancer, which is the third most common cause of death in this group, despite the high effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics, initial staging and outcome of HIV-related lymphoma.We included 18 patients in the study, of whom 61.

Invasive Candida tropicalis Infection Caused by Catheter Biofilm in a Patient with Tongue Cancer.

Systemic infections due to Candida tropicalis are conditions which can frequently lead to death. The aim of this report is to describe the features of C. tropicalis biofilm in a patient with catheter-associated fungemia.

Prevalence and risk factors of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection at a university hospital in Brazil.

Introduction: The incidence of syphilis has increased since the 1970s.

Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample.

Results: Of 973 patients with human immunodeficiency virus, 179 (18.

Coccidioidomycosis: first cases reported in Pernambuco, Brazil.

Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection caused by Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii. These fungi are known to thrive in desert climate. Fungi produce infectious arthroconidia in soil, they are aerosolized in the air and when inhaled by humans, usually cause infections such as pneumonia.

Prevalence of nasal colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in outpatients living with HIV/AIDS in a Referential Hospital of the Northeast of Brazil.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of MRSA among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) being monitored in a tertiary outpatient hospital in the state of Pernambuco, in the Brazilian Northeast.

Results: Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from a nasal swab and found in 31.4% of the individuals (95% CI 27.

Visceral Leishmaniasis in Hospitalized HIV-Infected Patients in Pernambuco, Brazil.

Common in four continents, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important but neglected disease. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection increases the risk of developing VL in people from leishmaniasis-endemic areas, with worse prognosis when there is coinfection. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of HIV/VL coinfection in patients admitted in three referral hospitals for HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Pernambuco, Brazil, and to compare epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics among HIV/VL coinfected and HIV mono-infected individuals.

Virologic suppression in response to antiretroviral therapy despite extensive resistance within HIV-1 reverse transcriptase after the first virologic failure.

Background: Incomplete virologic suppression results in mutations associated with resistance and is a major obstacle to disease control. We analyzed the genotypic profiles of HIV-1 patients at the time of the first virologic failure and the response to a salvage regimen after 48 weeks.

Methods: This work was a cross-sectional, retrospective, analytical study based on data collected from medical records and genotyping tests between 2006 and 2016.

The first reported case of factor V Leiden mutation with agenesis of superior vena cava: A case report.

Rationale: Total absence of superior vena cava (ASVC) is a very rare anomaly, and the patient usually suffers from superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) or conduction disturbances.

Patient Concerns: We report a 36-year-old white male, born and living in Brazil, without comorbidities presented to hematologist thrombotic episodes even under anticoagulant therapy. On his first hematologic appointment, he had no active complaints except by the fullness after meals, and his physical examination presented remarkable collateral circulation in the chest.

Multicentric Castleman's disease in human immunodeficiency virus infection: two case reports.

Background: Castleman's Disease is a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative disease. It is mostly benign and is characterized by non-neoplastic lymph node hypertrophy, associated with infection by human herpesvirus-8 in people with the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Although the unicentric or localized form presents as benign, the multifocal form can manifest severe systemic symptoms.

Chiluria in a lymphatic filariasis endemic area.

Objective: To establish clinical and laboratory data of individuals presenting chyluria in endemic areas.

Results: 75 individuals were studied. The majority were females with an average age of 45 years residing in the Metropolitan Region of Recife.

Detection of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa harboring bla GES-1 and bla GES-11 in Recife, Brazil.

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important pathogen globally, presents several resistance mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the presence of bla GES in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained from various clinical specimens from patients admitted to three different hospitals in Recife, Brazil. The Guiana extended spectrum beta-lactamase (GES) enzymes are responsible for conferring broad spectrum resistance to beta-lactam drugs, including the carbapenems.