Agenesia of salivary glands: incidental findings in multidetector computerized tomography.

Agenesis of the salivary glands is an extremely uncommon finding, and in the majority of cases, it is associated with facial syndromes or malformations. Reports in the literature have, however, indicated that agenesis of the major salivary glands can occur in isolation, and this anomaly is believed to occur due to a failure in the developmental process. Herein, we present two cases of isolated unilateral agenesis of major salivary glands.

Invasive cervical resorption of central incisor during orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) is a relatively rare type of ERR (External Root Resorption), in which a localized resorption begins in the cervical area of the tooth, below the epithelial junction and above the ridge crest.

Objective: Describe the clinical case of an 11-year-old boy with no dental trauma history, presenting moderate crowding and ectopic eruption of the maxillary right central incisor. He had been undergoing orthodontic treatment elsewhere, and his family was dissatisfied with the results.

Effect of different exposure times on caries detection and pixel value in a wireless digital system.

Objectives: : The aim of this study was to assess, using the CDR Wireless®, the effect of different exposure times on caries detection and pixel intensity values.

Materials And Methods: Forty teeth were x-rayed using a Schick CDR Wireless sensor at eight different exposure times - 0.06, 0.

Correlation between temporomandibular joint morphometric measurements and gender, disk position, and condylar position.

Objective: The aim of this study was to correlate the morphometric measurements of the temporomandibular joint, including condylar size, joint space, and articular eminence size, with gender, disk position, and condylar position by using magnetic resonance imaging.

Study Design: Overall, 93 patients were evaluated (31.2% males and 68.

Multidisciplinary Treatment of a Double First Mandibular Premolar.

Gemination twinning and fusion, are rare occurrences in posterior mandibular teeth, often requiring endodontic and surgical treatment for functional, orthodontic or cosmetic reasons. The diagnosis and design of a precise treatment plan in cases involving double teeth are in most cases challenging. The purpose of this case report is to describe a successful multidisciplinary treatment protocol for a double tooth.

Quantitative assessment of image artifacts from root filling materials on CBCT scans made using several exposure parameters.

Purpose: To quantify artifacts from different root filling materials in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired using different exposure parameters.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen single-rooted teeth were scanned using 8 different exposure protocols with 3 different filling materials and once without filling material as a control group. Artifact quantification was performed by a trained observer who made measurements in the central axial slice of all acquired images in a fixed region of interest using ImageJ.

Application of a newly developed software program for image quality assessment in cone-beam computed tomography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to apply a newly developed free software program, at low cost and with minimal time, to evaluate the quality of dental and maxillofacial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

Materials And Methods: A polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom, CQP-IFBA, was scanned in 3 CBCT units with 7 protocols. A macro program was developed, using the free software ImageJ, to automatically evaluate the image quality parameters.

Assessment of condyle position, fossa morphology, and disk displacement in symptomatic patients.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether there are any associations between the morphology of the glenoid fossa, articular spaces, and disk displacement by evaluating the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of symptomatic patients. Gender and age were also evaluated for any effect on the parameters.

Study Design: MRI scans of 199 temporomandibular joints were assessed for the morphology of the glenoid fossa and articular spaces in both sagittal and coronal views.

Relationship between articular eminence inclination and alterations of the mandibular condyle: a CBCT study.

This study aimed at verifying the correlation among angulation of the articular eminence (AE), shape of the condyle and its degenerative bone diseases (DBDs), according to age and sex, through Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Five hundred and twenty-eight temporomandibular joints (TMJ) were evaluated. The condyles were classified as: flat, convex, angled and rounded, and the AE angulation was measured.

Morphometric features of the mandibular condyle and association with disk abnormalities.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the morphometric characteristics of the condyle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disk displacement.

Study Design: One hundred and nine individuals who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the TMJ were evaluated. Linear (D1: condyle width; D2: condyle thickness) and angular (A1: horizontal condylar angle; A2: anterior condylar angle; A3: medial condylar angle) measurements were made.

Efficacy of a cone beam computed tomography metal artifact reduction algorithm for the detection of peri-implant fenestrations and dehiscences.

Objective: To determine whether the use of a metal artifact reduction (MAR) algorithm improves the detection of peri-implant fenestrations and dehiscences on cone beam computed tomography scans.

Study Design: One hundred titanium fixtures were implanted into bovine ribs after the creation of defects simulating fenestrations and dehiscences. Images were acquired using four different protocols, namely, A2 (MAR on, voxel 0.

Cone-beam computed tomography findings of impacted upper canines.

Purpose: To describe the features of impacted upper canines and their relationship with adjacent structures through three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

Materials And Methods: Using the CBCT scans of 79 upper impacted canines, we evaluated the following parameters: gender, unilateral/bilateral occurrence, location, presence and degree of root resorption of adjacent teeth (mild, moderate, or severe), root dilaceration, dental follicle width, and presence of other associated local conditions.

Results: Most of the impacted canines were observed in females (56 cases), unilaterally (51 cases), and at a palatine location (53 cases).

Evaluation of temporomandibular joint disk displacement and its correlation with pain and osseous abnormalities in symptomatic young patients with magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of temporomandibular joint disk displacement and its correlation with pain and osseous abnormalities using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients under 21 years of age.

Study Design: MRI images in open- and closed-mouth positions from 102 patients, under 21 years of age (mean age 17 years), were studied retrospectively. Patients were divided into six groups according to the disk-condyle relationship.

Influence of the milliamperage settings on cone beam computed tomography imaging for implant planning.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of the milliamperage settings on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images for qualitative and quantitative preoperative implant planning.

Materials And Methods: Eight dry mandibles were scanned under different milliamperage values (2, 4, 6.3, 8, 10, 12, and 15 mA) available for selection on the Kodak 9000 CBCT unit.

Evaluation of cone-beam computed tomography in the diagnosis of vertical root fractures: the influence of imaging modes and root canal materials.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging modes in the diagnosis of vertical root fractures with different intracanal materials.

Methods: The sample consisted of 30 single-rooted teeth divided into 3 groups (n = 10), control and complete and incomplete root fracture. In each tooth, different materials were used (gutta-percha, metal post, and fiber post) as well as no filling material.

Evaluation of condyle defects using different reconstruction protocols of cone-beam computed tomography.

This study was conducted to investigate how well cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) can detect simulated cavitary defects in condyles, and to test the influence of the reconstruction protocols. Defects were created with spherical diamond burs (numbers 1013, 1016, 3017) in superior and/or posterior surfaces of twenty condyles. The condyles were scanned, and cross-sectional reconstructions were performed with nine different protocols, based on slice thickness (0.

Evaluation of buccal bone coverage in the anterior region by cone-beam computed tomography.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity of diagnoses of buccal bone coverage in anterior teeth between axial and sagittal reconstructions using cone-beam computed tomography.

Methods: Five dry skulls were clinically evaluated to detect bone defects in the anterior maxilla and mandible to establish a gold standard. The skulls were prepared and placed on a Kodak 9000 3-dimensional scanner (Trophy, Marne La Vallée, France) for image acquisition.

Enhancement cone beam computed tomography filters improve in vitro periimplant dehiscence detection.

Objective: To investigate whether cone beam computed tomography filters would improve periimplant dehiscence detection.

Study Design: A hundred titanium implants were placed in bovine ribs in which defects simulating periimplant dehiscence had previously been created. After images acquisition, three oral radiologists assessed them with and without the following filters: Angio Sharpen high 5 × 5, Shadow, Sharpen 3 × 3, Sharpen Mild, and Smooth.

Detection of periimplant fenestration and dehiscence with the use of two scan modes and the smallest voxel sizes of a cone-beam computed tomography device.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in periimplant fenestration and dehiscence detection, and to determine the effects of 2 voxel sizes and scan modes.

Study Design: One hundred titanium implants were placed in bovine ribs in which periimplant fenestration and dehiscence were simulated. CBCT images were acquired with the use of 3 protocols of the i-CAT NG unit: A) 0.

Unilateral bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in a case of ankylosing spondylitis.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with multiple articular and para-articular involvement that has a predilection for the axial skeleton. In spite of its high prevalence, ankylosis secondary to AS is a rare condition.

Case Report: A 31-year-old male diagnosed with AS was referred for computed tomography (CT) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) due to severe mouth opening limitation.

Accuracy of enhancement filters in measuring in vitro peri-implant bone level.

Objectives: To identify the accuracy of enhancement filters of an intraoral phosphor-plate system for measuring the simulated peri-implant bone level.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 titanium implants (Titamax(®) ) were placed into six fragments of bovine ribs and defects simulating bone loss were created. Periapical radiographs were taken with a phosphor-plate system (Vista Scan(®) ) according to the paralleling standard technique, and nine enhancement filters were applied: fine, caries 1, caries 2, perio, endo, noise reduction, invert, emboss, and sculpture.

Antrum approach planning for removal of impacted tooth using cone-beam computed tomography.

Due to the great number of structures in the maxillofacial region, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an important procedure in presurgical planning for removal of impacted teeth. Most of the information provided by this imaging technique cannot be visualized in conventional radiographs. In addition, CBCT reduces patient exposure to radiation in comparison with helical computed tomography and provides dental practitioners with easy access.

Risk assessment of inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle by multidetector computed tomography in extractions of third molars.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the reliability of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in determining the surgical risk of the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle in extractions of third molars.

Methods: The sample comprised thirty-three individuals (63 third molars) who underwent preoperative evaluation by MDCT before extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. MDCT was used to determine the relationship between the roots of the third molars and the mandibular canal, and the course of the mandibular canal.

Accuracy of linear measurements in cone beam computed tomography with different voxel sizes.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of linear measurements on dry mandible specimens using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired with different voxel sizes.

Methodology: Eight human dry mandibles were submitted to CBCT examination, using the i-CAT (Imaging Sciences, Inc. Hatfield, PA) device and four protocols with different voxel sizes.

Uncommon dentigerous cyst related to a maxillary lateral incisor in a 03-year-old boy.

Background: The dentigerous cyst is usually defined as a cystic cavity that surrounds the crown of an unerupted tooth on the cementoenamel junction. The present article reports a case of an uncommon dentigerous cyst, highlighting its clinical, radiographic and surgical characteristics and discussing the aspects related to its development in infancy.

Case Report: A 03-year-old boy patient presented with an extensive radiolucid area involving the crown of the right maxillary lateral incisor.