The influence of positioning in urination: an electromyographic and uroflowmetric evaluation.

Purpose: We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate whether the different positions during urination influence the electrical activity of the abdominal and perineal musculature, as well as the uroflowmetric parameters of children with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD).

Materials And Methods: Ninety-four children between the ages of 3 and 14 years with symptoms of LUTD were evaluated. All underwent uroflowmetry and electromyography tests (abdominal and perineal) in two different positions: oriented position (trunk bent slightly forward and feet flat) and atypical position (standing on toes for boys and buttocks not in contact with the lavatory seat and legs flexed in girls).

Gender dysphoria associated with disorders of sex development.

Disorders of sex development (DSDs) are estimated to be prevalent in 0.1-2% of the global population, although these figures are unlikely to adequately represent non-white patients as they are largely based on studies performed in Europe and the USA. Possible causes of DSDs include disruptions to gene expression and regulation-processes that are considered essential for the development of testes and ovaries in the embryo.

The prevalence of priapism in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease in Brazil.

To evaluate priapism rates in individuals <18 years of age with sickle cell disease (SCD) at a referral center. An evaluation was made of 599 consecutive male patients with SCD, separated according to type of hemoglobinopathy (HbSS, HbSC and HbS-β-thalassemia). Age at first episode and number of episodes were recorded.