Photobiomodulation in post menopause genitourinary syndrome-Study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical protocol.

Introduction: Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) defines a set of symptoms associated with an estrogen deficit involving alterations in organs genitourinary and that results in several urinary, genital, and sexual alterations. Brazilian women live about a third of their life after menopause, where hormonal changes occur along with clinical manifestations, characterized by vaginal and vulvar dryness, burning sensation, discomfort, vulvovaginal irritation, lack of lubrication, dyspareunia and urinary incontinence. Fractionated photothermolysis and radiofrequency systems, alone or in combination were tested to improve GSM.

Systemic and local inflammatory response after implantation of biomaterial in critical bone injuries.

Purpose: To evaluate inflammatory response in critical bone injuries after implantation of the biomaterial composed of hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly (lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA)/BLEED.

Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats (280 ± 20 grams) were divided into two groups: control group (CG), in which the animals do not receive any type of treatment; and biomaterial group (BG), in which the animals received the HA/PLGA/BLEED scaffold. Critical bone injury was induced in the medial region of the skull calotte with the aid of a trephine drill 8 mm in diameter.

The Effects of Electrode Placement on Analgesia Using Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) refers to the occurrence of painful menstrual cramps without pathological involvement of the pelvic organs, with considerable morbidity and high prevalence among females of reproductive age. Objective The objective of this study is to present and test the efficacy of an innovative method of interactive transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (iTENS) for PD. Methods and materials This study is a single-blind controlled clinical trial.

Fast inactivation of coronavirus in filtering-facepiece respirators in a reflective cylindrical UV-C chamber.

Objective: We report on the development and characterization of a UV-C (λ  =  200 - 280 nm, λ = 254 nm) chamber designed for the rapid disinfection of N95 class filtering-facepiece respirators contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses. The device was evaluated against strain MHV-3 and its virucidal capacity was evaluated as a function of different applied UV-C doses (UV-C exposure times of 60 s, 120 s, 180 s, and 240 s) using two types of respirators geometry (shell and two-panel shapes, 3M 8801 H and 9920 H, respectively), at eight points of the respirators.

Background: Most chemical disinfection methods are not recommended for N95 masks.

Comparison of two different biomaterials in the bone regeneration (15, 30 and 60 days) of critical defects in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare two types of different scaffolds in critical bone defects in rats.

Methods: Seventy male Wistar rats (280 ± 20 grams) divided into three groups: control group (CG), untreated animals; biomaterial group 1 (BG1), animals that received the scaffold implanted hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA); and biomaterial group 2 (BG2), animals that received the scaffolds HA/PLGA/Bleed. The critical bone defect was induced in the medial region of the skull calotte with the aid of an 8-mm-diameter trephine drill.

Biphasic Dose/Response of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Culture of Human Fibroblasts.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of application of different fluences and energies of laser in the 24-, 48-, and 72-h periods in fibroblasts originating from human skin (HFF-1). The cell used as a template for cell proliferation was HFF-1. For the photobiomodulation (PBM) application, a 660 nm laser with a power of 40 mW and energies of 0.

Inflammatory response and macrophage polarization using different physicochemical biomaterials for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction.

Knowledge about the action of immune system in the recognition of biomaterials has been extremely helpful when it comes about understanding host response and biomaterials' fate in human body. This study aimed to investigate inflammatory response and macrophage polarization during bone healing process of rat's calvaria critical defects using different bone materials in order to evaluate their influence on bone repair and on the quality of the newly formed bone tissue. Eighty male albinus Wistar rats underwent surgical procedure for the confectioning of a 5-mm diameter bone defect in their right parietal bone, and divided in four groups (n = 20 each), according the biomaterial: AG - Control, particulate intramembranous autogenous bone graft, HA/TCP - particulate biphasic calcium phosphate with HA/TCP (60/40), DBB - particulate deproteinized bovine bone, VC - particulate bioactive vitroceramic.

Photobiomodulation and bacterial cellulose membrane in the treatment of third-degree burns in rats.

Burns are injuries caused mainly by thermal trauma, which can progress to unsatisfactory results healing. This study aimed to evaluate the biomaterial (bacterial cellulose membrane) and photobiomodulation, exclusively and associated, in the treatment of third degree burns in rats. Forty male Wistar rats (±280 g) were randomly divided into four groups, with 10 animals each: control group (CG); bacterial cellulose membrane group (MG); laser group (LG) and bacterial cellulose membrane and laser group (MG + L).

Photobiomodulation on critical bone defects of rat calvaria: a systematic review.

Bone defects following trauma represent a high impact on the quality of life of millions of people around the world. The aim of this study was to review photobiomodulation (PBM) action in the treatment of bone critical defects in rat calvaria, related to evaluation of the current protocols applied. One hundred and forty-seven articles related to the subject were found by searching the main databases (Pubmed, Lilacs, Web of Science, and Scopus) considering the period of publication until the year 2017, and only 14 corresponded the inclusion criteria established for this systematic review.

Evaluation of the low-level laser therapy application parameters for skin burn treatment in experimental model: a systematic review.

Burn is defined as a traumatic injury of thermal origin, which affects the organic tissue. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has gained great prominence as a treatment in this type of injury; however, the application parameters are still controversial in the literature. The aims of this study were to review the literature studies that use LLLT as a treatment in burns conducted in an experimental model, discuss the main parameters used, and highlight the benefits found in order to choose an appropriate therapeutic window to be applied in this type of injury.

Bacterial cellulose membrane used as biological dressings on third-degree burns in rats.

Introduction: Burn injuries represent a high risk of morbidity and mortality. The wound healing process is complex and requires the participation of different types of cells. Therefore, new biomaterials, which innovate the wound healing process, are being investigated.

Effect of photobiomodulation therapy (808 nm) in the control of neuropathic pain in mice.

Neuropathic pain can be defined as the pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction of the central or peripheral nervous system. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) stands out among the physical therapy resources used for analgesia. However, application parameters, especially the energy density, remain controversial in the literature.

Use of low level laser therapy to control neuropathic pain: A systematic review.

Neuropathic pain can be defined as pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the central or peripheral nervous system. The low level laser therapy (LLLT) has gained great prominence as a treatment in this type of pain; however, the application parameters are still controversial in the literature. This study aimed to review the literature on the use of LLLT in neuropathic pain with the goal of establishing a "therapeutic window" for the effective use of this treatment.

Low-level laser therapy induces an upregulation of collagen gene expression during the initial process of bone healing: a microarray analysis.

This study investigates the histological modifications produced by low level laser therapy (LLLT) on the first day of bone repair, as well as evaluates the LLLT effects on collagen expression on the site of a fracture. Twenty Wistar rats were distributed into a control group (CG) and a laser group (LG). Laser irradiation of Ga-Al-As laser 830 nm, 30 mW, 94 s, 2.

Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy Applied Before Treadmill Training on Recovery of Injured Skeletal Muscle in Wistar Rats.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) when associated with treadmill training on the recovery of skeletal muscle, during two periods of rest after muscle injury in rats.

Background Data: Because of photostimulation, LLLT has been presented as an alternative for accelerating the tissue healing process.

Materials And Methods: Forty rats were divided into two groups (A and B) containing four subgroups each: GC (Control Group)-cryolesion untreated; EG (Exercise Group)-cryolesion treated with physical exercise; LG (Laser Group)-cryolesion treated with laser; ELG (Exercise and Laser Group)-cryolesion treated with laser and physical exercise.

Comparative effects of two different doses of low-level laser therapy on wound healing third-degree burns in rats.

Burns are injuries caused by direct or indirect contact to chemical, physical, or biological agents. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a promising treatment since it is low-cost, non-invasive, and induces cell proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LLLT (660 nm) at two different fluences (12.

Effects of low level laser therapy on inflammatory and angiogenic gene expression during the process of bone healing: A microarray analysis.

The process of bone healing as well as the expression of inflammatory and angiogenic genes after low level laser therapy (LLLT) were investigated in an experimental model of bone defects. Sixty Wistar rats were distributed into control group and laser group (830nm, 30mW, 2,8J, 94seg). Histopathological analysis showed that LLLT was able to modulate the inflammatory process in the area of the bone defect and also to produce an earlier deposition of granulation tissue and newly formed bone tissue.

Effects of low-level laser therapy on the expression of osteogenic genes during the initial stages of bone healing in rats: a microarray analysis.

This study evaluated the morphological changes produced by LLLT on the initial stages of bone healing and also studied the pathways that stimulate the expression of genes related to bone cell proliferation and differentiation. One hundred Wistar rats were divided into control and treated groups. Noncritical size bone defects were surgically created at the upper third of the tibia.

Porous poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) acid/biosilicate composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

This study evaluated the effects of the Biosilicate and poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid composites on bone repair in a tibial bone defect model in rats by means of using histological evaluation (histopathological and morphometric analysis) and gene expression analysis. Eighty male Wistar rats (12 weeks old, weighing ±300 g) were randomly divided into two groups: Biosilicate group (BG) and Biosilicate /PLGA group (BG/PLGA). Each group was euthanized at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery (n = 10 animals per time point).

Porous bioactive scaffolds: characterization and biological performance in a model of tibial bone defect in rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of highly porous Biosilicate(®) scaffolds on bone healing in a tibial bone defect model in rats by means of histological evaluation (histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis) of the bone callus and the systemic inflammatory response (immunoenzymatic assay). Eighty Wistar rats (12 weeks-old, weighing±300 g) were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=10 per experimental group, per time point): control group and Biosilicate® group (BG). Each group was euthanized 3, 7, 14 and 21 days post-surgery.

Biomechanical properties: effects of low-level laser therapy and Biosilicate® on tibial bone defects in osteopenic rats.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of laser therapy and Biosilicate® on the biomechanical properties of bone callus in osteopenic rats.

Methods: Fifty female Wistar rats were equally divided into 5 groups (n=10/group): osteopenic rats with intact tibiae (SC); osteopenic rats with unfilled and untreated tibial bone defects (OC); osteopenic rats whose bone defects were treated with Biosilicate® (B); osteopenic rats whose bone defects were treated with 830-nm laser, at 120 J/cm2 (L120) and osteopenic rats whose bone defects were treated with Biosilicate® and 830-nm laser, at 120 J/cm2 (BL120). Ovariectomy (OVX) was used to induce osteopenia.

Evaluation of the bone healing process in an experimental tibial bone defect model in ovariectomized rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of postmenopausal bone loss (induced by ovariectomy) in the process of bone healing in a tibial bone defect model in rats by means of histological evaluation of bone defects and the analysis of the expression of genes and proteins involved in bone consolidation. Twenty female Wistar rats (12 weeks old, weighing ±250 g) were randomly divided into two groups: control group (CG) and ovariectomized group (OG). Rats of OG were submitted to ovariectomy and after 8 weeks post-surgery, all animals were submitted to the tibial bone defect model.

Characterization and in vivo biological performance of biosilicate.

After an introduction showing the growing interest in glasses and glass-ceramics as biomaterials used for bone healing, we describe a new biomaterial named Biosilicate. Biosilicate is the designation of a group of fully crystallized glass-ceramics of the Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂-P₂O₅ system. Several in vitro tests have shown that Biosilicate is a very active biomaterial and that the HCA layer is formed in less than 24 hours of exposure to "simulated body fluid" (SBF) solution.

Low level laser therapy (830nm) improves bone repair in osteoporotic rats: similar outcomes at two different dosages.

Background And Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in osteoporotic rats by means of subjective histopathological analysis, deposition of collagen at the site of fracture, biomechanical properties and immunohistochemistry for COX-2, Cbfa-1 and VEGF.

Material And Methods: A total of 30 female Wistar rats (12weeks-old, ±250g) were submitted to ovariectomy (OVX). Eight weeks after the OVX, a tibial bone defect was created in all animals and they were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10): control bone defect group (CG): bone defects without any treatment; laser 60J/cm(2) group (L60): animals irradiated with LLLT, at 60J/cm(2) and laser 120J/cm(2) group (L120): animals irradiated with LLLT, at 120J/cm(2).

Low-level laser therapy, at 60 J/cm2 associated with a Biosilicate(®) increase in bone deposition and indentation biomechanical properties of callus in osteopenic rats.

We investigate the effects of a novel bioactive material (Biosilicate(®)) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT), at 60 J/cm(2), on bone-fracture consolidation in osteoporotic rats. Forty female Wistar rats are submitted to the ovariectomy, to induce osteopenia. Eight weeks after the ovariectomy, the animals are randomly divided into four groups, with 10 animals each: bone defect control group; bone defect filled with Biosilicate group; bone defect irradiated with laser at 60 J/cm(2) group; bone defect filled with Biosilicate and irradiated with LLLT, at 60 J/cm(2) group.