A Distance-Learning Course to Improve Drug-Dispensing Behaviors Among Brazilian Community Pharmacists.

To evaluate the effectiveness of a distance-learning course in the training of pharmacists in drug dispensing. This interventional study was carried out with community pharmacists throughout Brazil. A 12-week distance-learning course was conducted.

Impact of pharmacotherapeutic education on medication adherence and adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective, randomized study.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of pharmacotherapeutic education on 30-day post-discharge medication adherence and adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: The prospective, randomized, single-center study was conducted at the Medical Department of University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, between April and June 2018. One hundred and thirty adult patients with T2DM who were discharged to the community were randomly assigned to either the intervention or the control group.

Implementation of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Guidelines in Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Study in Two Croatian Hospitals.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of the 9th edition of the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP9) guidelines for prevention of venous thromboembolism in nonsurgical patients in clinical practice in one university and one general Croatian hospital. A retrospective study was conducted at Zadar General Hospital from Zadar and Dubrava University Hospital from Zagreb. Medical charts of all patients admitted to Medical Departments in two periods, before and after implementation of the ACCP9 guidelines, were analyzed.

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Continuing Education Programs on Providing Clinical Community Pharmacy Services.

Objective. To summarize the effects of media methods used in continuing education (CE) programs on providing clinical community pharmacy services and the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs. Methods.

Study of warfarin utilization in hospitalized patients: analysis of possible drug interactions.

Background Drug-drug interactions in patients taking warfarin may contribute to a higher risk of adverse events. Objective To identify and evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of potential DDIs with warfarin. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in a Brazilian tertiary hospital.

Economic evaluation of a pharmaceutical care program for elderly diabetic and hypertensive patients in primary health care: a 36-month randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Most diabetic and hypertensive patients, principally the elderly, do not achieve adequate disease control and consume 5%-15% of annual health care budgets. Previous studies verified that pharmaceutical care is useful for achieving adequate disease control in diabetes and hypertension.

Objective: To evaluate the economic cost and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of pharmaceutical care in the management of diabetes and hypertension in elderly patients in a primary public health care system in a developing country.

Adverse drug reactions in elderly patients following discharge from an internal medicine clinic.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and type of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and identify risk factors for ADRs in elderly patients within 30 days following discharge from an internal medicine clinic.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Internal Medicine Clinic of University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia, between September 1(st) and November 30(th) 2012. Patients aged ≥ 65 years discharged from the clinic during the study period were eligible for inclusion in the study.

Use of simulated patients to evaluate combined oral contraceptive dispensing practices of community pharmacists.

Background: Combined oral contraceptive (COC) use is the most commonly used reversible method of birth control. The incorrect use of COCs is frequent and one of the most common causes of unintended pregnancies. Community pharmacists (CPs) are in a strategic position to improve COC use because they are the last health professional to interact with patients before drug use.

Pharmacoepidemiologic study of warfarin prescription in a Brazilian tertiary hospital.

Warfarin is among the ten drugs most commonly involved in adverse drug reactions, has a narrow therapeutic index and complex dosage regimen, exhibits enormous variability dose-response and high risk drug-drug interactions. To analyze the profile of pharmacoepidemiological drug prescriptions for warfarin in patients admitted to a Brazilian tertiary hospital. In the cross sectional study the electronic prescriptions of the January 01, 2004-December 31, 2010 of patients using warfarin of the Clinical Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto were analyzed.

Actual drug-drug interactions in elderly patients discharged from internal medicine clinic: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence and type of actual drug-drug interactions (DDIs) that result in adverse drug reactions (ADRs) or diminished therapeutic effect in elderly patients within 30 days of discharge from an internal medicine clinic.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Internal Medicine Clinic of University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia, between October and December 2011. Patients aged ≥ 65 years discharged from the Internal Medicine Clinic during the study period with a prescription for two or more medications were eligible for inclusion in the study.

HLA typing in Brazilian boys with aromatic antiepileptic drug-induced DRESS.

Cases Description: We report two cases of drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) associated with the use of carbamazepine and phenytoin in Brazilian boys tested for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II alleles. The clinical manifestations were similar: a maculopapular eruption progressing to exfoliative erythroderma, fever, and lymphadenopathy. Leukocytosis, atypical lymphocytes, and liver injury were also observed.

Adverse drug reactions caused by drug-drug interactions in elderly outpatients: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Although the prevalence of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in elderly outpatients is high, many potential DDIs do not have any actual clinical effect, and data on the occurrence of DDI-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in elderly outpatients are scarce. This study aimed to determine the incidence and characteristics of DDI-related ADRs among elderly outpatients as well as the factors associated with these reactions.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted between 1 November 2010 and 31 November 2011 in the primary public health system of the Ourinhos micro-region, Brazil.

Prevalence and predictors of potential drug-drug interactions in the elderly: a cross-sectional study in the brazilian primary public health system.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of clinically important potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in elderly patients attending the public primary health care system in Brazil. The secondary objective was to investigate possible predictors of potential DDIs.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 5 Brazilian cities located in the Ourinhos Micro-region, Sao Paulo State, between November 2010 and April 2011.

Incidence and predictors of adverse drug reactions caused by drug-drug interactions in elderly outpatients: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) related to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in elderly outpatients who attended public primary healthcare units in a southeastern region of Brazil. The secondary objective was to investigate the possible predictors of DDI-related ADRs.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted between November 1, 2010, and November 31, 2011, in the primary public healthcare system in the Ourinhos micro-region in Brazil.

[Family health strategy in the treatment of chronic-degenerative diseases: achievements and challenges].

This retrospective, exploratory, quantitative study was carried in a team of heath care unit (ESF) in the municipalitie of Maringá, Paraná, Brasil, to evaluate the effectiveness of ESF in the treatment of chronic diseases. Data were collected between May, 2006 and September, 2009, among 94 patients with hypertension and/or diabetes, through the analysis of the records of registration of the monitoring system of hypertensive and diabetics and charts. Despite changes in the pharmacotherapy of patients and home care, it was found a slight increase in the number of individual with blood pressure (p = 0.

Effect of a 36-month pharmaceutical care program on the coronary heart disease risk in elderly diabetic and hypertensive patients.

Purpose: To examine the effect of a pharmaceutical care program on the coronary heart disease risk in elderly diabetic and hypertensive patients.

Methods: A total of 200 elderly (> 60 years) diabetic and/or hypertensive patients were recruited into a randomized, controlled, prospective clinical trial with a 36-month follow-up, developed in a public primary health care unit in a municipality in the Brazilian State of Sao Paulo. A range of clinical measurements were evaluated at the baseline and up to 36 months afterwards.

Effect of a 36-month pharmaceutical care program on pharmacotherapy adherence in elderly diabetic and hypertensive patients.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a pharmaceutical care program on pharmacotherapy adherence in elderly diabetic and hypertensive patients. The clinical outcomes of this pharmacotherapy adherence approach were the secondary objective of the study.

Setting: Public Primary Health Care Unit in a municipality in the Brazilian State of Sao Paulo.