Voiding Cystourethrogram in Children With Unilateral Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney: Is It Still necessary?

Objective: To evaluate the value of the voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) in children with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) who have a normal versus abnormal contralateral kidney and bladder ultrasound (US), and assess the risk of having vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) or urinary tract infection (UTI) based on the US results.

Methods: A retrospective chart review including children with unilateral MCDK with postnatal US and VCUG available at our institution between January 2008 and September 2017 was performed. Analysis was done to find association between abnormal contralateral US and contralateral VUR and UTI.

Robotic Management of Urolithiasis in the Pediatric Population.

A variety of surgical techniques exist for the management of urolithiasis. Minimally invasive techniques have replaced open surgery in the last few decades. For complex stone management, robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) has emerged as a safe and feasible alternative in adults.

Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and nephrolithiasis: A meta-analysis.

Nephrolithiasis is a complex disease in which its pathophysiology is strongly influenced by genetics. Polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been reported to be associated with the development of kidney stones which in most cases are composed predominantly of calcium salts. For the purpose of this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the association of BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236) and FokI (rs2228570) polymorphisms with nephrolithiasis.

Prenatal renal parenchymal area as a predictor of early end-stage renal disease in children with vesicoamniotic shunting for lower urinary tract obstruction.

Background: Vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) and other bladder drainage techniques for fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) have been proven to ameliorate pulmonary hypoplasia and increase survival in patients with an initial poor prognosis. Currently there are limited prognostic tools available during gestation to evaluate and predict postnatal renal function.

Objective: The aim was to describe the prenatal growth of the renal parenchymal area (RPA) in patients with LUTO and determine its application as a predictor of renal function at one year of life.

Management of High-Grade Penile Curvature Associated With Hypospadias in Children.

Penile curvature is a frequent feature associated with hypospadias with also a great variability of severity among each patient. While the low-grade curvature (<30°) can be relatively easily corrected by simple techniques like penile degloving and dorsal plication, severe cases often demand more complex maneuvers to manage it. A great number of surgical techniques have been developed to adequately correct curvatures greater than 30°; however, each one of them should be individualized to different patients and local conditions encountered.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic artificial urinary sphincter and MACE procedure on a pediatric patient.

Objective: To describe robotic-assisted laparoscopic artificial urinary sphincter (RAL-AUS) placement and a Malone antegrade continent enema (MACE) procedure on a 6-year-old girl.

Patients And Results: Our patient is a 6-year-old girl with myelomeningocele. She was totally incontinent of urine and chronic constipated despite aggressive bowel regimen.

Urethral duplication type influences on the complications rate and number of surgical procedures.

Introduction: Urethral duplication is rare. Characterized by the presence of two urethral channels. This anomaly presents a great variety of clinical findings that depend on the type of duplication that often is associated with other anomalies.

One - staged reconstruction of bladder exstrophy in male patients: long - term follow-up outcomes.

Introduction: The surgical correction of bladder exstrophy remains challenging. In our institution, the repair has evolved from a staged repair to one-stage reconstruction. The one-stage reconstruction includes; bladder closure, Cantwell-Ransley neourethroplasty and abdominoplasty using groin flaps, without the need of pelvic ostheotomies.

Retroperitoneoscopic pyelolithotomy: a good alternative treatment for renal pelvic calculi in children.

Introduction: Nephrolitiasis, once considered an adult disease, has become increasingly prevalent in children, with na increase from 6% to 10 % annually in past 25 years. Kidney stones in pediatric population can result from metabolic diseases in up to 50% of children affected. Other factors associated with litiasis are infection, dietary factors, and anatomic malformations of urinary tract.

Reoperative Laparoscopic Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Repair in Children: Safety and Efficacy of the Technique.

Purpose: Failure after pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children may occur in up to 10% of cases. Therapeutic options include Double-J® stent placement, endoscopic treatment and reoperation. Laparoscopic and robotic reoperative modalities seem safe and efficacious, although pediatric series are limited in the literature.

Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty in children with Horseshoe Kidney.

Introduction: Horseshoe kidney occurs in 1 per 400-800 live births and are more frequently observed in males (M:F 2:1). Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is commonly associated with horseshoe kidneys. The variable blood supply, presence of the isthmus and high insertion of the ureter contribute to this problem.

Malignant paraganglioma in children treated with embolization prior to surgical excision.

Background: Paragangliomas (PGL) are rare tumors derived from neural crest cells, whose origins may vary along the chain of the sympathetic nervous system. Such tumors are often characterized by secretion of catecholamines, but sometimes they are biochemically inactive, which makes diagnosis often challenging. Malignant paraganglioma is defined by the presence of this tumor at sites where chromaffin cells are usually not found or by local invasion of the primary tumor.