Machine perfusion organ preservation: Highlights from the American transplant congress 2024.

The American Transplant Congress (ATC) 2024, held in Philadelphia, serves as a vital platform for unveiling new research and clinical experience in organ machine perfusion-a key area in organ transplantation. This year's congress gathered 4652 participants from 49 countries, including top experts, to spotlight innovations in machine perfusion across various organ types, such as the liver, kidney, heart, and lung. A total of 87 abstracts on organ machine perfusion were presented.

Machine perfusion organ preservation: Highlights from the American Transplant Congress 2023.

The American Transplant Congress (ATC) 2023, held in San Diego, California, emerged as a pivotal platform showcasing the latest advancements in organ machine perfusion, a key area in solid organ and tissue transplantation. This year's congress, attended by over 4500 participants, including leading experts, emphasized innovations in machine perfusion technologies across various organ types, including liver, kidney, heart, and lung. A total of 85 abstracts on organ machine perfusion were identified.

Machine perfusion preservation highlights from the Congress of the European Society of Organ Transplantation 2023.

The 21st Congress of the European Society of Organ Transplantation (ESOT), held on September 17-20th, 2023, in Athens, Greece, was a pivotal event in transplantation, focusing on the theme "Disruptive Innovation, Trusted Care." The congress attracted a global audience of 2 826 participants from 82 countries, emphasizing its international significance. Machine perfusion, as a groundbreaking technology in organ transplantation, was one of the central focuses of the conference.

Challenges With the Implementation of Machine Perfusion in Clinical Liver Transplantation.

Dynamic organ preservation is a relatively old technique which has regained significant interest in the last decade. Machine perfusion (MP) techniques are applied in various fields of solid organ transplantation today. The first clinical series of ex situ MP in liver transplantation was presented in 2010.

Exercise training as an intervention for frailty in cirrhotic patients on the liver transplant waiting list: A systematic review.

Background: The existing literature suggests that exercise for cirrhotic patients is safe and favours significant improvement to their physical capacity. However, exercise training for this population and how to deliver activities, especially in severe stages of the disease and while waiting for a liver transplant (LT), remain undefined.

Aim: To review the existing exercise prescriptions for cirrhotic patients on the waiting list for LT, their results for frailty evolution and their effect on clinical outcomes.

Representation of Women Authorship in the Top 5 Transplantation Journals in the United States.

Background: In the United States, only 13% of transplant surgeons are women. We evaluated gender distribution and trends of American authorship over the past 10 y in high-impact solid organ transplantation journals to gain insight into the current status of women authorship in transplantation.

Methods: Original articles from 2012 to 2021 from the 5 highest-impact solid organ transplantation journals were extracted from Scopus.

The power of partnership: Exploring collaboration dynamics in U.S. transplant research.

Introduction: Collaboration is one of the hallmarks of academic research. This study analyzes collaboration patterns in U.S.

Delayed referral for liver transplant evaluation worsens outcomes in chronic liver disease patients requiring inpatient transplant evaluation.

Background: Indications to refer patients with cirrhosis for liver transplant evaluation (LTE) include hepatic decompensation or a model for end stage liver disease (MELD-Na) score ≥ 15. Few studies have evaluated how delaying referral beyond these criteria affects patient outcomes.

Aim: To evaluate clinical characteristics of patients undergoing inpatient LTE and to assess the effects of delayed LTE on patient outcomes (death, transplantation).

Ex-vivo ureteroscopy, laser lithotripsy, and stone basketing extraction of deceased donor kidney stones during machine perfusion preservation.

The incidence of nephrolithiasis in kidney donors is rare. The timing and treatment of nephrolithiasis in deceased donor kidneys are not well established. While some programs have proposed ex-situ rigid or flexible ureteroscopy treatment before transplantation, we report on two cases of kidney stones in the same deceased donor that we treated by flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy performed during the storage time on a hypothermic perfusion machine.

Contribution of Proteomics in Transplantation: Identification of Injury and Rejection Markers.

Solid organ transplantation saves thousands of lives suffering from end-stage diseases. Although early transplants experienced acute organ injury, medical breakthroughs, such as tissue typing, and use of immunosuppressive agents have considerably improved graft survival. However, the overall incidence of allograft injury and chronic rejection remains high.

Alternative forms of portal vein revascularization in liver transplant recipients with complex portal vein thrombosis.

Background & Aims: Complex portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a challenge in liver transplantation (LT). Extra-anatomical approaches to portal revascularization, including renoportal (RPA), left gastric vein (LGA), pericholedochal vein (PCA), and cavoportal (CPA) anastomoses, have been described in case reports and series. The RP4LT Collaborative was created to record cases of alternative portal revascularization performed for complex PVT.

Regenerative medicine applications: An overview of clinical trials.

Insights into the use of cellular therapeutics, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and tissue engineering strategies for regenerative medicine applications are continually emerging with a focus on personalized, patient-specific treatments. Multiple pre-clinical and clinical trials have demonstrated the strong potential of cellular therapies, such as stem cells, immune cells, and EVs, to modulate inflammatory immune responses and promote neoangiogenic regeneration in diseased organs, damaged grafts, and inflammatory diseases, including COVID-19. Over 5,000 registered clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.

Knowledge and irreversibility of cell death: "Nought may endure but mutability".

By using appropriate machine perfusion technologies, such as OrganEx, isolated intact large mammalian brain and other organs, possess the capacity for restoration of microcirculation, and molecular and cellular activity after a prolonged post-mortem interval. We might be ready to critically re-evaluate our concepts and criteria of death under the light of newly acquired knowledge.

Current status and future directions in the development and optimization of thoracic and abdominal artificial organs.

Introduction: Artificial organs are engineered devices with the capacity to be implanted or integrated into a living body to replace a failing organ, or to duplicate or augment one or multiple functions of the diseased organ.

Areas Covered: We evaluate the present landscape and future possibilities of artificial organ engineering by exploring the spectrum of four distinguishable device features: mobility, compatibility, functionality, and material composition. These mechanical and functional differences provide the framework through which we examine the current status and future possibilities of the abdominal and thoracic artificial organs.

Machine perfusion organ preservation: Highlights from the American Transplant Congress 2022.

The American Transplant Congress 2022, which took place between June 4th and June 8th of 2022, was a hybrid meeting with in-person attendance in Boston-MA and a real-time virtual experience via an online platform. First, we identified abstracts discussing machine perfusion preservation for all organs, a hot topic and approach that may develop into the new gold standard of organ preservation in the near future. A total of 39 abstracts on organ machine preservation were presented at the meeting.

Highlights from the Turin international workshop on liver machine perfusion.

The 1st Turin international workshop on liver machine perfusion, which was held in Turin (Italy) on June 10th-11th, 2022, gathered more than 50 key opinion leaders and more than 220 delegates from 11 countries. The purpose of the meeting was discussing several aspects of liver machine perfusion in liver transplantation, including the state of the art, real-world clinical indications, and potential developments of this technology. We herein provide a brief summary of the evidence, perspectives and controversies presented during the meeting.

Modifying organs with gene therapy and gene modulation in the age of machine perfusion.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to highlight current advances in gene therapy methods, describing advances in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and RNA interference in relevance to liver transplantation, and machine perfusion.

Recent Findings: In order to minimize rejection, increase the donor pool of available organs, and minimize the effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury, gene therapy and gene modification strategies are, thus, required in the context of liver transplantation.

Summary: Gene therapy has been used successfully in a diverse array of diseases, and, more recently, this technique has gained interest in the field of organ transplantation.