The development of anhuman hair follicle organoid with a complexity similar to that.

hair follicle (HF) models are currently limited toHF organ cultures (HFOCs) or 2D models that are of low availability and do not reproduce the architecture or behavior of the hair, leading to poor screening systems. To resolve this issue, we developed a technology for the construction of a humanhair construct based on the assemblage of different types of cells present in the hair organ. First, we demonstrated that epithelial cells, when isolated, have similar genetic signatures regardless of their dissection site, and their trichogenic potential is dependent on the culture conditions.

Ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotypic analyses setting the tiger cats' hyperdimensional niches reveal a new species.

Recently, the tiger-cat species complex was split into Leopardus tigrinus and Leopardus guttulus, along with other proposed schemes. We performed a detailed analysis integrating ecological modeling, biogeography, and phenotype of the four originally recognized subspecies-tigrinus, oncilla, pardinoides, guttulus-and presented a new multidimensional niche depiction of the species. Species distribution models used > 1400 records from museums and photographs, all checked for species accuracy.

Rearranging the Bird's Nest Fungi: molecular review of internal clades in Cyathus (Nidulariaceae, Basidiomycota).

The genus Cyathus was established in 1768, but more in-depth taxonomic studies with the group only occurred after 1844. In the following years, changes in the infrageneric classification of Cyathus were proposed based mainly on morphology. With advances in phylogenetic studies, the morphological classifications were tested and a new subdivision into three groups was proposed in 2007.

Comparison of Cervical Stabilization with Transpedicular Pins and Polymethylmethacrylate versus Transvertebral Body Polyaxial Screws with or without an Interbody Distractor in Dogs.

Objective:  The main aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of caudal cervical vertebral stabilization using bicortical transpedicular pins with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) versus transvertebral body polyaxial screws and connecting rods with or without an interbody distractor.

Study Design:  Ten canine cervical vertebral columns (C2-T3) were used. Four models (intact, transvertebral body polyaxial screw with interbody distractor [polyaxial + distractor], transvertebral body polyaxial screw without interbody distractor [polyaxial - distractor] and bicortical transpedicular pins/polymethylmethacrylate [pin-PMMA]) were applied to C6-7 sequentially on the same specimens.

Impact of microstructure on cell behavior and tissue mechanics in collagen and dermal decellularized extra-cellular matrices.

Skin models are used for many applications such as research and development or grafting. Unfortunately, most lack a proper microenvironment producing poor mechanical properties and inaccurate extra-cellular matrix composition and organization. In this report we focused on mechanical properties, extra-cellular matrix organization and cell interactions in human skin samples reconstructed with pure collagen or dermal decellularized extra-cellular matrices (S-dECM) and compared them to native human skin.

Excessive Prenatal Supplementation of Iodine and Fetal Goiter: Report of Two Cases Using Three-dimensional Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Fetal thyroid complications in pregnancy are uncommon, and are commonly related to the passage of substances through the placenta. The excessive iodine intake during the pregnancy is a well-known mechanism of fetal thyroid enlargement or goiter, and invasive procedures have been proposed for the treatment of fetal thyroid pathologies. In the present report, we demonstrate two cases from different centers of prenatal diagnosis of fetal thyroid enlargement and/or goiter in three fetuses (one pair of twins, wherein both fetuses were affected, and one singleton pregnancy).

A perfusable vascularized full-thickness skin model for potential topical and systemic applications.

Vascularization of reconstructed tissues is one of the remaining hurdles to be considered to improve both the functionality and viability of skin grafts and the relevance ofapplications. Our study, therefore, sought to develop a perfusable vascularized full-thickness skin equivalent that comprises a more complex blood vasculature compared to existing models. We combined molding, auto-assembly and microfluidics techniques in order to create a vascularized skin equivalent representing (a) a differentiated epidermis with a physiological organization and correctly expressing K14, K10, Involucrin, TGM1 and Filaggrin, (b) three perfusable vascular channels with angiogenic sprouts stained with VE-Caderin and Collagen IV, (c) an adjacent microvascular network created via vasculogenesis and connected to the sprouting macrovessels.

Diagnosis of reoperated cervical non-union: Multicenter retrospective study about 45 patients.

Introduction: Non-union is one of the main complications of single- or multi-level cervical spine fusion, considerably impairing functional results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the respective contributions of imaging examinations in the diagnostic process, the challenge being to avoid inappropriate surgery and unnecessary complementary examinations.

Material And Method: A retrospective multicenter study included all patients managed for cervical spine non-union between 2008 and 2018.

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics.

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae.

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics.

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown.

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics.

Xenarthrans-anteaters, sloths, and armadillos-have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths.

Hangman's fracture: Management strategy and healing rate in a prospective multi-centre observational study of 34 patients.

Background: Hangman's fractures account for 15% to 20% of all cervical spine fractures. The grading system developed by Effendi and modified by Levine and Edwards is generally used as the basis for management decisions. Nonetheless, the optimal management remains controversial.

Mannosylerythritol lipids ameliorate ultraviolet A-induced aquaporin-3 downregulation by suppressing c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation in cultured human keratinocytes.

Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are glycolipids and have several pharmacological efficacies. MELs also show skin-moisturizing efficacy through a yet-unknown underlying mechanism. Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is a membrane protein that contributes to the water homeostasis of the epidermis, and decreased AQP3 expression following ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation of the skin is associated with reduced skin moisture.

Ameliorating effect of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate on an IL-4- and IL-13-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin-equivalent model.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is not fully understood. Defects in skin barrier function and dysregulation of the Th2 immune response are thought to be pivotal in AD pathogenesis. In this study, we used keratinocytes and AD-like skin equivalent models using Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13.

Mortality, complication, and fusion rates of patients with odontoid fracture: the impact of age and comorbidities in 204 cases.

Purpose: The French Society of Spine Surgery (SFCR) conducted a prospective epidemiologic multicenter study. The purpose was to investigate mortality, complication, and fusion rates in patients with odontoid fracture, depending on age, comorbidities, fracture type, and treatment.

Methods: Out of 204 patients, 60 were ≤ 70 years and 144 were > 70 years.

C1 fracture: Analysis of consolidation and complications rates in a prospective multicenter series.

Introduction: Three types of C1 fracture have been described, according to location: type 1 (anterior or posterior arc), type 2 (Jefferson: anterior and posterior arc), and type 3 (lateral mass). Stability depends on transverse ligament integrity. The main aim of the present study was to analyze complications and consolidation rates according to fracture type, age and treatment.

Effect of ultrafiltration on placental-fetal blood flow in pregnancy of woman undergoing chronic hemodialysis.

Introduction: Patient who was undergoing hemodialysis (HD) thrice weekly usually gain 1 to 4 kg of weight in interdialytic period, mainly due to fluid accumulation by ingestion of water. Ultrafiltration (UF) during HD will be need to remove fluid excess to avoid severe medical complications secondary to fluid overload. However, in pregnant woman UF can increase the episodes of intradialytic hypotension which may lead to placental ischemic injury and predispose to fetal distress.

More than one fungus in the pepper pot: Integrative taxonomy unmasks hidden species within Myriostoma coliforme (Geastraceae, Basidiomycota).

Since the nineteenth century, Myriostoma has been regarded as a monotypic genus with a widespread distribution in north temperate and subtropical regions. However, on the basis of morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), four species are now delimited: M. areolatum comb.

Evaluation of the relevance of surgery in a retrospective case series of patients who underwent the surgical treatment of a symptomatic spine metastasis from lung cancer.

Background: The management of spine metastases is an increasing concern for spine surgeons. When considering surgery, it is crucial to ensure that its iatrogenic effects will not exceed its potential benefits, particularly in frail patients with short life expectancy. Among all prognostic factors, the primary site of cancer is the most important, lung cancer being the poorest.

Molecular and morphological analyses confirm Rhizopogon verii as a widely distributed ectomycorrhizal false truffle in Europe, and its presence in South America.

The genus Rhizopogon includes species with hypogeous or subepigeus habit, forming ectomycorrhizae with naturally occurring or planted pines (Pinaceae). Species of the genus Rhizopogon can be distinguished easily from the other hypogeous basidiomycetes by their lacunose gleba without columella and their smooth elliptical spores; however, the limit between species is not always easy to establish. Rhizopogon luteolus, the type species of the genus, has been considered one of the species that are more abundant in Europe, as well as it has been cited in pine plantation of North and South America, different parts of Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.

Long-segment percutaneous screw fixation for thoraco-lumbar spine metastases: a single center's experience.

Background: The management of spine metastases is an increasing concern for spine surgeons. Their treatment is mainly palliative with the goal to preserve or restore the patients' quality of life. Many minimally invasive techniques have been introduced with the aim to reduce the morbidity associated with more traditional open approaches.

Ruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformations: Outcomes analysis after microsurgery.

Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the functional outcome and the risk of postoperative remnant in patients with rAVM after microsurgical treatment.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective of 139 consecutive patients operated for a rAVM between 2002 and 2012 in our institution. The age at diagnosis and the WFNS score were recorded for each patient before treatment.

Systematic optimization of human pluripotent stem cells media using Design of Experiments.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) are used to study the early stages of human development in vitro and, increasingly due to somatic cell reprogramming, cellular and molecular mechanisms of disease. Cell culture medium is a critical factor for hPSC to maintain pluripotency and self-renewal. Numerous defined culture media have been empirically developed but never systematically optimized for culturing hPSC.

Preoperative simulation for the planning of microsurgical clipping of intracranial aneurysms.

Introduction: The safety and success of intracranial aneurysm (IA) surgery could be improved through the dedicated application of simulation covering the procedure from the 3-dimensional (3D) description of the surgical scene to the visual representation of the clip application. We aimed in this study to validate the technical feasibility and clinical relevance of such a protocol.

Methods: All patients preoperatively underwent 3D magnetic resonance imaging and 3D computed tomography angiography to build 3D reconstructions of the brain, cerebral arteries, and surrounding cranial bone.