Global 5-methylcytosine and physiological changes are triggers of indirect somatic embryogenesis in Coffea canephora.

Indirect somatic embryogenesis (ISE) establishment for Coffea species started in the 1970s. Since then, intraspecific variations in the morphogenic pathway have been reported, even in the common environmental condition in vitro. Several authors have suggested that these variations are the result of genetic, epigenetic, and/or physiological events, highlighting the need for investigations to know the causes.

Autotetraploid and Auto-Alloctaploid From Chromosome Set Doubling: New Germplasms for .

Polyploidy is more than two chromosomal sets per nucleus, as the allotetraploid . Due to allotetraploidy, shows different phenotypes compare to diploid species, highlighting by beverage quality produced from its grains. Looking for the possibility of new phenotypes coupled with economic feature, considerable progress since 60's was reached for synthetic chromosome set doubling (CSD) , involving especially the antitubulin compounds, biological material, and used tissue culture pathway as the indirect somatic embryogenesis (ISE).

First karyotype description and nuclear 2C value for (Primulaceae): comparing three species.

Cytogenetic studies in Primulaceae are mostly available for herbaceous species, and are focused on the chromosome number determination. An accurate karyotype characterization represents a starting point to know the morphometry and class of the chromosomes. Comparison among species within , associating these data with the nuclear 2C value, can show changes that led the karyotype evolution.

The contribution of cytogenetics and flow cytometry for understanding the karyotype evolution in three Dorstenia (Linnaeus, 1753) species (Moraceae).

Chromosome morphometry and nuclear DNA content are useful data for cytotaxonomy and for understanding the evolutionary history of different taxa. However, the chromosome number is the only karyotype aspect reported for the species of Dorstenia so far. In this study, the nuclear genome size of Dorstenia arifolia (Lamarck, 1786), Dorstenia bonijesu (Carauta & C.