The Modified Apically Repositioned Flap Technique and Its Potential to Create Attached Gingiva in Areas with No Keratinized Tissue: A Long-Term (1 to 11 Years) Retrospective Case Series Study.

The modified apically repositioned flap (MARF) technique has been previously published as a successful method to increase the zone of attached gingiva with numerous advantages, such as simplicity, predictability, and long-term stability. However, this technique has only been used in areas with at least 0.5 mm of attached gingiva, presurgically.

Rieger Syndrome: Rehabilitation With Dental Implants.

Introduction: Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS), also known as Rieger syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant condition defined by craniofacial, ocular, dental, periumbilical, and systemic anomalies.

Case Presentation: This case report describes in detail a multidisciplinary approach to successfully restore the oral function and esthetics of a 22-year-old patient diagnosed with ARS. The patient's clinical evaluation revealed that the area corresponding with teeth #13, #12, #11, #21, #22, and #23 was occupied by four malformed and/or deciduous teeth.

Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions.

A classification for peri-implant diseases and conditions was presented. Focused questions on the characteristics of peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis, and soft- and hard-tissue deficiencies were addressed. Peri-implant health is characterized by the absence of erythema, bleeding on probing, swelling, and suppuration.

Peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations.

The objective of this review is to identify case definitions and clinical criteria of peri-implant healthy tissues, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. The case definitions were constructed based on a review of the evidence applicable for diagnostic considerations. In summary, the diagnostic definition of peri-implant health is based on the following criteria: 1) absence of peri-implant signs of soft tissue inflammation (redness, swelling, profuse bleeding on probing), and 2) the absence of further additional bone loss following initial healing.

Peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations.

The objective of this review is to identify case definitions and clinical criteria of peri-implant healthy tissues, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. The case definitions were constructed based on a review of the evidence applicable for diagnostic considerations. In summary, the diagnostic definition of peri-implant health is based on the following criteria: 1) absence of peri-implant signs of soft tissue inflammation (redness, swelling, profuse bleeding on probing), and 2) the absence of further additional bone loss following initial healing.

Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions.

A classification for peri-implant diseases and conditions was presented. Focused questions on the characteristics of peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis, and soft- and hard-tissue deficiencies were addressed. Peri-implant health is characterized by the absence of erythema, bleeding on probing, swelling, and suppuration.

Salivary exRNA biomarkers to detect gingivitis and monitor disease regression.

Aim: This study tests the hypothesis that salivary extracellular RNA (exRNA) biomarkers can be developed for gingivitis detection and monitoring disease regression.

Materials And Methods: Salivary exRNA biomarker candidates were developed from a total of 100 gingivitis and non-gingivitis individuals using Affymetrix's expression microarrays. The top 10 differentially expressed exRNAs were tested in a clinical cohort to determine whether the discovered salivary exRNA markers for gingivitis were associated with clinical gingivitis and disease regression.

Genomewide Association Study Identifies Cxcl Family Members as Partial Mediators of LPS-Induced Periodontitis.

Periodontitis (PD) is characterized by bacterial infection and inflammation of tooth-supporting structures and can lead to tooth loss. PD affects ∼47% of the US population over age 30 years and has a heritability of about 50%. Although the host immunoinflammatory response and genetic background play a role, little is known of the underlying genetic factors.

Early intervention of peri-implantitis and periodontitis using a mouse model.

Background: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory response to bacterial biofilm resulting in bone loss and can ultimately lead to implant failure. Because of the lack of predictable treatments available, a thorough understanding of peri-implantitis's pathogenesis is essential. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the response of acute induced peri-implantitis and periodontitis lesions after insult removal.

The Modified Apically Repositioned Flap Technique: A Long-Term (4 to 16 Years) Retrospective Study.

Attached gingiva is desirable for the maintenance of gingival health. Although many methods are used to increase the zone of attached gingiva, the modified apically repositioned flap (MARF) technique has the advantages of simplicity and predictability. The short-term follow-up of the MARF technique demonstrated an increase in keratinized tissue and attached gingiva.

Comparing the Healing Potential of Late-Stage Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis.

Peri-implantitis is defined as an inflammatory disease affecting the tissues around osseointegrated functioning implants. Unfortunately, detailed peri-implantitis pathogenesis is not well understood and current treatments lack predictability. Compare the healing potential of late-stage ligature-induced periodontitis and peri-implantitis after ligature removal.

Ligature-induced peri-implantitis and periodontitis in mice.

Aim: Peri-implantitis (PI), inflammation around dental implants, shares characteristics with periodontitis (PD). However, PI is more difficult to control and treat, and detailed pathophysiology is unclear. We aimed to compare PI and PD progression utilizing a murine model.

Use of the Modified Apically Repositioned Flap Technique to Create Attached Gingiva in Areas of No Keratinized Tissue: A Clinical and Histologic Evaluation.

The complete absence of keratinized attached gingiva on the buccal surface of a tooth can make the area more susceptible to gingival recession. The modified apically repositioned flap (MARF) technique is an effective procedure to increase the dimensions of attached gingiva in areas that present with some existing keratinized tissue. The objective of this case report is to present long-term clinical and histologic evidence that the MARF technique can be used to create attached gingiva in areas that lack keratinized tissue.

Nonsurgical periodontal therapy to treat a case of severe periodontitis: A 12-year follow-up.

Background And Overview: This case report describes the successful treatment of a severe chronic periodontitis case by nonsurgical therapy and a strict maintenance program over a 12-year period.

Case Description: A 38-year-old man concerned about the protrusion of his maxillary incisors was referred for periodontal treatment. The teeth in the maxillary arch had generalized severe chronic periodontitis.

Surgical Techniques to Increase the Apicocoronal Dimension of the Attached Gingiva: A 1-Year Comparison Between the Free Gingival Graft and the Modified Apically Repositioned Flap.

The attached gingiva is a desirable anatomical element for the maintenance of gingival health. The free gingival graft (FGG) and the modified apically repositioned flap (MARF) are predictable surgical techniques often employed to increase the zone of attached gingiva. This randomized study compared the FGG and the MARF in increasing the zone of attached gingiva in contralateral sides of 15 patients 1 year posttreatment.

Periodontal Regeneration - Intrabony Defects: Practical Applications From the AAP Regeneration Workshop.

Focused Clinical Question: What are important considerations for selecting a predictable regenerative surgical approach for intrabony defects? Summary: The predictable regeneration of intrabony defects remains an important goal in the management of periodontitis. Clinical and histologic evidence of periodontal regeneration has been shown for multiple regenerative therapies, including bone replacement grafts, guided tissue regeneration, and biologics, when used alone or in combination. Regenerative therapies improve periodontal health, as evidenced by gains in clinical attachment level, reductions in probing depth, and gains in radiographic bone fill.

Periodontal regeneration - intrabony defects: a consensus report from the AAP Regeneration Workshop.

Background: Treatment of intrabony defects is an important therapeutic goal of periodontal therapy. The goal of this consensus report was to critically appraise the evidence for the available approaches for promoting periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects. In addition to evaluating the effectiveness of new regenerative approaches for intrabony defects, recommendations for future research were defined for this area.

A Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Peri-Implant Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis.

Dental implants are a widely used treatment option for tooth replacement. However, they are susceptible to inflammatory diseases such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, which are highly prevalent and may lead to implant loss. Unfortunately, the understanding of the pathogenesis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis is fragmented and incomplete.

Salivary biomarkers in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases.

Periodontal diseases are considered some of the most prevalent diseases in the adult population, affecting as much as 80 percent of people. Diagnosis can be performed by measuring pocket depth and bleeding upon probing. These diseases can be easily addressed in their early stages, but many choose to ignore the signs and symptoms.

A surgical reentry study on the influence of platelet-rich plasma in enhancing the regenerative effects of bovine porous bone mineral and guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of intrabony defects in humans.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the additional benefits provided by the incorporation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into a regenerative protocol consisting of bovine porous bone mineral (BPBM) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) in the treatment of intrabony defects in humans.

Methods: Twenty-three paired intrabony defects were surgically treated using a split-mouth design. Defects were treated with BPBM/GTR/PRP (experimental group) or with BPBM/GTR (control group).

Regulation of Nur77 gene expression by prostanoids in cementoblastic cells.

Objective: The inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) decreases mineralisation by immortalized mouse-derived cementoblastic cells (OC-CM cells), whilst various prostanoids, including fluprostenol (flup) increase it. Subtraction hybridisation conducted on flup minus IL-1-treated OC-CM cells revealed that one of the primary response genes preferentially induced by flup is the transcription factor Nur77. The objective of this study was to examine the signal transduction cascades regulating prostanoid induction of Nur77 gene expression in OC-CM cells.

Benign masseter muscle hypertrophy.

Idiopathic hypertrophy of the masseter muscle is a rare disorder of unknown cause. Some authors associate it with the habit of chewing gum, temporo-mandibular joint disorder, congenital and functional hypertrophies, and emotional disorders (stress and nervousness). Most patients complain of the cosmetic change caused by facial asymmetry, also called square face, however, symptoms such as trismus, protrusion and bruxism may also occur.

Alveolar bone preservation following tooth extraction: a perspective of clinical trials utilizing osseous grafting and guided bone regeneration.

Based on data from the authors' three clinical trials that focused on the role exerted by various regenerative materials and techniques in preserving alveolar ridge dimensions following tooth extraction, there is evidence to support the use of nonresorbable and resorbable membranes in combination with a closed-socket approach. There also is evidence to support a higher predictability of the results with resorbable membranes compared with nonresorbable membranes because the latter can become exposed to the oral environment during healing. A combination of bioactive glass and calcium sulfate using an open-socket approach is of marginal benefit in preserving alveolar ridge dimensions following tooth extraction.

Clinical crown lengthening in the esthetic zone.

Periodontal surgical procedures consisting of gingival flaps and osseous recontouring are indicated for crown lengthening of several contiguous teeth in the esthetic zone; both in cases where restorations are required and in cases where no restorations are planned, such as in patients with excessive gingival display due to altered passive eruption. Forced tooth eruption via orthodontic extrusion is the technique of choice when clinical crown lengthening is necessary on isolated teeth in the esthetic zone.