Influence of five home whitening gels and a remineralizing gel on the enamel and dentin ultrastructure and hardness.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of calcium phosphate enhanced home whitening agents on human enamel and dentin surface microhardness and ultramorphology.

Methods: Five intact molars crowns were used for ultrastructural analysis and five for microhardness test. Each resulting coronal structure was cut in slices.

Influence of curing light attenuation caused by aesthetic indirect restorative materials on resin cement polymerization.

Objectives: To verify the effect of interposing different indirect restorative materials on degree of conversion (DC), hardness, and flexural strength of a dual-cure resin cement.

Methods: Discs (2 mm-thick, n=5) of four indirect restorative materials were manufactured: a layered glass-ceramic (GC); a heat-pressed lithium disilicate-based glass-ceramic veneered with the layered glass-ceramic (LD); a micro-hybrid (MH); and a micro-filled (MF) indirect composite resin. The light transmittance of these materials was determined using a double-beam spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere.

Early and 24-hour bond strength and degree of conversion of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives.

Purpose: To evaluate early and 24-hour microtensile bond strength (microTBS) and the degree of conversion (DC) of one representative adhesive system from each of the four current bonding approaches.

Methods: 40 human molars were sectioned occluso-gingivally into two halves. Resin composite was bonded incrementally to flat, mid-coronal dentin, using the adhesives Adper Scotchbond MP (MP); Adper Scotchbond 2 (SB); Clearfil SE Bond (SE); and Adper Prompt L-Pop (LP) according to the respective manufacturer's instructions (n = 10).

Effects of surface treatments and storage times on the tensile bond strength of adhesive cements to noble and base metal alloys.

This work evaluated two resin cements and a glass-ionomer cement and their bond strength to gold-palladium (Au-Pd), silver-palladium (Ag-Pd), and nickel-chromium-beryllium (Ni-Cr-Be) alloys, utilizing three surface treatments over a period of six months. Eight hundred ten pieces were cast (in a button shape flat surfaces) in one of three alloys. Each alloy group was assigned to three other groups, based on the surface treatment utilized.

Microtensile bond strength of different adhesive systems to primary and permanent dentin.

Purpose: The aims of this in vitro study were to: (1) compare bond strength of different adhesive systems to primary and permanent dentin using microtensile test; and (2) evaluate the interaction of these materials to primary and permanent dentin by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Methods: Middle-coronal dentin surfaces of 18 exfoliated primary and 18 extracted permanent molars were exposed and teeth were randomly divided, according to their adhesive system, into 3 groups (N=6 per group): (1) Clearfil SE Bond (SE); (2) One Up Bond F (OU); and (3) Single Bond (SB). Then, 5-mm high composite blocks were constructed.

Influence of cavity dimensions, insertion technique and adhesive system on microleakage of Class V restorations.

Background: The authors evaluated the influence of cavity dimensions, insertion technique and adhesive system on microleakage of Class composite restorations.

Methods: The authors prepared cylindrical cavities with enamel margins of 3-millimeter diameter by 1-mm depth or 6-mm diameter by 2-mm depth on the labial surface of bovine incisors. They defined experimental groups (n = 15) according to cavity size, insertion technique (bulk or incremental) and adhesive system applied (Single Bond, 3M ESPE, St.

Microtensile bond strength of current dentin adhesives measured immediately and 24 hours after application.

Purpose: To evaluate the immediate microtensile bond strengths achieved with representative adhesive systems from each of the four current bonding approaches.

Materials And Methods: Resin composite was bonded incrementally to flat, midcoronal dentin from 33 human molars, using the adhesives (Adper Scotchbond MP; Adper Scotchbond 1; Optibond Solo Plus; Clearfil SE Bond; AdheSE; Tyrian SPE + One Step Plus; Optibond Solo Plus self-etching; One-Up Bond F; iBond; Adper Prompt L-Pop; Xeno III) according to the respective manufacturer's instructions. The bonded specimens were immediately sectioned into sticks and underwent microtensile bond testing either immediately or after 24 h.

A novel method to obtain microtensile specimens minimizing cut flaws.

Cutting procedures conventionally used for microtensile specimens' preparation induce mechanical stress and attrition, leading to cracks in dental structure. Enamel is mainly affected due to its high module of elasticity and brittleness. As an alternative to the conventional diamond saw, a diamond wire was used for cutting.

Microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesives to enamel and dentin.

Purpose: To measure the microtensile bond strength to enamel and dentin of three self-etching adhesives in comparison with a total-etch two-step system as a control.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 extracted human molars were stored in saline solution until use, then divided into 4 groups of 10 teeth (one group per adhesive system). Half of each of these groups underwent bond strength tests on enamel, and the other half was used for adhesion testing on dentin.

Polymerization contraction stress of low-shrinkage composites and its correlation with microleakage in class V restorations.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the behavior of two new, low-shrinkage hybrid composites (Aelite LS and Inten-S) with a microfilled (Heliomolar) and a hybrid composite (Filtek Z250), in terms of polymerization contraction stress and microleakage.

Methods: Maximum contraction stress after 10 min was recorded in a "tensilometer", using a C-factor (C) of 2.5 and energy density of 26 J/cm(2).

Microleakeage and resin cement film thickness of luted all-ceramic and gold electroformed porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of single-unit all-ceramic and gold-electroformed crowns luted with a resin cement under laboratory conditions.

Materials And Methods: Thirty extracted maxillary premolars were selected. Standardized abutments were prepared for full-crown restorations with cervical margins located 1 mm below the cementoenamel junction.

Microtensile dentin bond strength of self-etching and single-bottle adhesive systems in different cavity configurations.

Purpose: To evaluate the bond strength of a self-etching (Clearfil SE Bond) and a single-bottle (Excite) adhesive system using two cavity configurations (C-factors 5 and 1).

Materials And Methods: Class I cavities (3 x 4 x 2.5 mm) were prepared in 28 extracted human molars using diamond burs under water cooling.

The effect of long-term storage on the microleakage of composite resin restorations: qualitative and quantitative evaluation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of storage periods of 24 hours and 3 months on the microleakage of class II cavities. Two methods of assessing microleakage were also compared. Class II cavities were prepared in sound human molars.

Thermal and mechanical load cycling on microleakage and shear bond strength to dentin.

This study evaluated the influence of mechanical and thermal cycling on microleakage at the cervical margins of proximal slot restorations and shear bond strength on flat dentin surfaces. Microleakage Evaluation: One hundred and twenty slot cavity restorations were performed on bovine incisors. The restorations were randomly divided into four groups (n = 30): control (no thermal and mechanical load cycling), thermal cycling (2,000 cycles, 5 degrees C-55 degrees C), mechanical load cycling (50,000-80N) and thermal and load cycling (2,000 5 degrees C-55 degrees C/50,000-80N).

Influence of load cycling on marginal microleakage with two self-etching and two one-bottle dentin adhesive systems in dentin.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of occlusal load cycling on cervical microleakage of proximal slot restorations located in dentin, using two self-etching and two one-bottle dentin adhesive systems.

Materials And Methods: 240 proximal slot cavities were prepared in 120 bovine teeth and divided into two groups, one with load cycling and one without. The groups were then subdivided into four subgroups according to the adhesive system used (Experimental EXL 547 Self-etching 3M, Clearfil SE Bond, Single Bond, and Optibond Solo Plus) and restored following the manufacturers' instructions.

Influence of the substrate and load application method on the shear bond strength of two adhesive systems.

The difficulty with comparing data obtained from different research centers calls for the standardization of laboratory procedures. This in vitro study compared the shear bond strength (SBS) of two adhesive systems--a self-etching system, Etch&Prime 3.0 and a one-bottle total-etch system, Single Bond--using two methods of load application (orthodontic edge wire loop and knife-edge blade).

Adhesion testing with the microtensile method: effects of dental substrate and adhesive system on bond strength measurements.

Purpose: To evaluate the bond strength of a self-etching primer (SE, Clearfil SE Bond) and a one-bottle adhesive system (EX, Excite) on enamel and dentin.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight sound human molars were used. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7): SE applied to enamel (SE-E); SE applied to dentin (SE-D); EX applied to enamel (EX-E); EX applied to dentin (EX-D).

Microleakage of four simplified adhesive systems under thermal and mechanical stresses.

Purpose: To evaluate microleakage at the dentin margins of Class II resin-based composite restorations using four simplified adhesive systems: Etch & Prime 3.0, Prime & Bond NT, Clearfil Liner Bond 2V and Clearfil SE Bond, upon thermal and mechanical stresses.

Materials And Methods: Forty slot preparations (5mm x 3mm x 1.