Analysing chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of geopropolis from : HPLC-DAD and investigations.

This study evaluated the chemical profile, antimicrobial activity, and the presence of potentially toxic elements in geopropolis extracts produced by in the Recôncavo region of Bahia, Brazil. It was found that the major chemical compounds belong to the class of phenolic compounds, with emphasis on the presence of gallic acid. In this study, no potentially toxic elements were found in the analysed geopropolis.

Soybean oil addition to wheat bran-based diet improves laying hens' performance.

Background And Aim: Wheat bran (WB) is used extensively in animal feed. Despite its nutritional value, its use is limited because of its high-fiber content. We evaluated the effect of soybean oil on laying hen performance with maize meal partly replaced by WB.

[For the return of high vaccination coverage].

The global decline in vaccine coverage led the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019 to define vaccine hesitation as one of the world's top ten threats to public health. In Brazil, the drop in vaccination coverage began in 2012, increasing from 2016, and was aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The warning of low vaccination coverage is accompanied by the reintroduction of immunopreventable diseases such as measles.

Altered phagocytosis and morphogenesis of phenotypic switching-derived strains of the pathogenic Candida tropicalis co-cultured with phagocytic cells.

Background And Objective: Candida tropicalis is among the most prevalent human pathogenic yeast species. Switch states of C. tropicalis differ in virulence traits.

Noninvasive Diagnostic for COVID-19 from Saliva Biofluid via FTIR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the worst global health crisis in living memory. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is considered the gold standard diagnostic method, but it exhibits limitations in the face of enormous demands. We evaluated a mid-infrared (MIR) data set of 237 saliva samples obtained from symptomatic patients (138 COVID-19 infections diagnosed via RT-qPCR).

Brown adipocyte ATF4 activation improves thermoregulation and systemic metabolism.

Cold-induced thermogenesis in endotherms demands adaptive thermogenesis fueled by mitochondrial respiration and Ucp1-mediated uncoupling in multilocular brown adipocytes (BAs). However, dietary regulation of thermogenesis in BAs isn't fully understood. Here, we describe that the deficiency of Leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing-protein (Lrpprc) in BAs reduces mtDNA-encoded ETC gene expression, causes ETC proteome imbalance, and abolishes the mitochondria-fueled thermogenesis.

Role of mTORC2 in biphasic regulation of brown fat metabolism in response to mild and severe cold.

Nonshivering thermogenesis is essential for mammals to maintain body temperature. According to the canonical view, temperature is sensed by cutaneous thermoreceptors and nerve impulses transmitted to the hypothalamus, which generates sympathetic signals to ß-adrenergic receptors in brown adipocytes. The energy for heat generation is primarily provided by the oxidation of fatty acids derived from triglyceride hydrolysis and cellular uptake.

Effect of phenotypic switching on biofilm traits in Candida tropicalis.

Candida tropicalis can undergo multiple forms of phenotypic switching. We have reported a switching system in C. tropicalis that is associated with changes in virulence attributes.

Labiaplasty with Stable Labia Minora Retraction-Butterfly-like Approach.

Labiaplasty, referring to a surgical labia minora reduction, is the most commonly requested genital rejuvenation by women. The purpose of this article is to show an innovative maneuver in the technique for this increasingly demanded procedure. In this strategy, labia minora are attached temporarily to the internal thigh with stitches resembling an open butterfly wing.

Towards a Better Understanding of Beige Adipocyte Plasticity.

Beige adipocytes are defined as Ucp1, multilocular adipocytes within white adipose tissue (WAT) that are capable of thermogenesis, the process of heat generation. In both mouse models and humans, the increase of beige adipocyte population, also called WAT browning, is associated with certain metabolic benefits, such as reduced obesity and increased insulin sensitivity. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding WAT browning, with a special focus on the beige adipocyte plasticity, collectively referring to a bidirectional transition between thermogenic active and latent states in response to environmental changes.

Effect of Flexible Family Visitation on Delirium Among Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: The ICU Visits Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The effects of intensive care unit (ICU) visiting hours remain uncertain.

Objective: To determine whether a flexible family visitation policy in the ICU reduces the incidence of delirium.

Design, Setting And Participants: Cluster-crossover randomized clinical trial involving patients, family members, and clinicians from 36 adult ICUs with restricted visiting hours (<4.

Multiplanar Assembly Mammaplasty Based on the Divine Proportion.

Background: The study sought to plan mastopexy and breast reduction according to the principle of the divine proportion, represented by the letter phi, via the convergent assembly of multiple layers to create the new breast. This strategy is based on the constancy of the submammary fold and the orientation of the vertex of a V-shaped triangle opening at approximately 60° at the umbilicus, with each branch opening in the direction of the acromioclavicular joint.

Methods: The strategy was prospectively investigated in 265 patients (n = 530 breasts).

Adipocyte HDAC4 activation leads to beige adipocyte expansion and reduced adiposity.

Numerous studies have suggested that beige adipocyte abundance is correlated with improved metabolic performance, but direct evidence showing that beige adipocyte expansion protects animals from the development of obesity is missing. Previously, we have described that the liver kinase b1 (LKB1) regulates beige adipocyte renaissance in subcutaneous inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) through a class IIa histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4)-dependent mechanism. This study investigates the physiological impact of persistent beige adipocyte renaissance in energy homeostasis in mice.

Sympathetic inputs regulate adaptive thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue through cAMP-Salt inducible kinase axis.

Various physiological stimuli, such as cold environment, diet, and hormones, trigger brown adipose tissue (BAT) to produce heat through sympathetic nervous system (SNS)- and β-adrenergic receptors (βARs). The βAR stimulation increases intracellular cAMP levels through heterotrimeric G proteins and adenylate cyclases, but the processes by which cAMP modulates brown adipocyte function are not fully understood. Here we described that specific ablation of cAMP production in brown adipocytes led to reduced lipolysis, mitochondrial biogenesis, uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression, and consequently defective adaptive thermogenesis.

Proteome Imbalance of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain in Brown Adipocytes Leads to Metabolic Benefits.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis is critical for thermoregulation and contributes to total energy expenditure. However, whether BAT has non-thermogenic functions is largely unknown. Here, we describe that BAT-specific liver kinase b1 knockout (Lkb1) mice exhibited impaired BAT mitochondrial respiration and thermogenesis but reduced adiposity and liver triglyceride accumulation under high-fat-diet feeding at room temperature.

Adipocyte Liver Kinase b1 Suppresses Beige Adipocyte Renaissance Through Class IIa Histone Deacetylase 4.

Uncoupling protein 1 beige adipocytes are dynamically regulated by environment in rodents and humans; cold induces formation of beige adipocytes, whereas warm temperature and nutrient excess lead to their disappearance. Beige adipocytes can form through de novo adipogenesis; however, how "beiging" characteristics are maintained afterward is largely unknown. In this study, we show that beige adipocytes formed postnatally in subcutaneous inguinal white adipose tissue lost thermogenic gene expression and multilocular morphology at the adult stage, but cold restored their beiging characteristics, a phenomenon termed beige adipocyte renaissance.

Phospho-mimicking Atf1 mutants bypass the transcription activating function of the MAP kinase Sty1 of fission yeast.

Stress-dependent activation of signaling cascades is often mediated by phosphorylation events, but the exact nature and role of these phosphorelays are frequently poorly understood. Here, we review which are the consequences of the stress-dependent phosphorylation of a transcription factor on gene activation. In fission yeast, the MAP kinase Sty1 is activated upon several environmental hazards and promotes cell adaptation and survival, greatly through activation of a gene program mediated by the transcription factor Atf1.

Deciphering the role of the signal- and Sty1 kinase-dependent phosphorylation of the stress-responsive transcription factor Atf1 on gene activation.

Adaptation to stress triggers the most dramatic shift in gene expression in fission yeast (), and this response is driven by signaling via the MAPK Sty1. Upon activation, Sty1 accumulates in the nucleus and stimulates expression of hundreds of genes via the nuclear transcription factor Atf1, including expression of itself. However, the role of stress-induced, Sty1-mediated Atf1 phosphorylation in transcriptional activation is unclear.

Treatment of Skin Depression with Combined Upward Suture Traction and Percutaneous Subcision.

Unlabelled: Scar retraction and soft-tissue depression may compromise aesthetics and cause social embarrassment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of treating soft-tissue depressions or retractions at varied anatomy regions with combined upward suture traction and percutaneous subcision.

Methods: There were 40 patients (age: mean, 39 years; range, 22-55 years; 39 women and 1 man) (total, 77 soft-tissue lesions) who had treatment with the present technique from 1996 to 2013.

HEADS-UP SURGERY FOR VITREORETINAL PROCEDURES: An Experimental and Clinical Study.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of performing vitrectomies while viewing a three-dimensional image on a large display in a heads-up position.

Methods: Twenty volunteers were compared performing meticulous tasks using the heads-up and the traditional method. Some optical parameters, resolution and depth of field, were measured, and the possibilities of digital image processing were investigated.

Binding of the transcription factor Atf1 to promoters serves as a barrier to phase nucleosome arrays and avoid cryptic transcription.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe displays a large transcriptional response common to several stress conditions, regulated primarily by the transcription factor Atf1. Atf1-dependent promoters contain especially broad nucleosome depleted regions (NDRs) prior to stress imposition. We show here that basal binding of Atf1 to these promoters competes with histones to create wider NDRs at stress genes.

Thiol-based H2O2 signalling in microbial systems.

Cysteine residues, and in particular their thiolate groups, react not only with reactive oxygen species but also with electrophiles and with reactive nitrogen species. Thus, cysteine oxidation has often been linked to the toxic effects of some of these reactive molecules. However, thiol-based switches are common in protein sensors of antioxidant cascades, in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

A genetic approach to study H2O2 scavenging in fission yeast--distinct roles of peroxiredoxin and catalase.

The main peroxiredoxin in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Tpx1, is important to sustain aerobic growth, and cells lacking this protein are only able to grow on solid plates under anaerobic conditions. We have found that deletion of the gene coding for thioredoxin reductase, trr1, is a suppressor of the sensitivity to aerobic growth of Δtpx1 cells, so that cells lacking both proteins are able to grow on solid plates in the presence of oxygen. We have investigated this suppression effect, and determined that it depends on the presence of catalase, which is constitutively expressed in Δtrr1 cells in a transcription factor Pap1-dependent manner.