Parents' educational level and second-hand tobacco smoke exposure at home in a sample of Portuguese children.

Second-hand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure is a major and entirely avoidable health risk for children's health, well-being and development. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the association between parents' educational level and children's SHS home exposure. A self-administered questionnaire was conducted within a sample of 949 students in 4th grade (mean age 9.

Children's exposure to second hand smoke at home: a cross-sectional study in Portugal.

Second-hand tobacco smoke (SHS) is a major indoor pollutant that causes serious health problems for all exposed, especially children. Children are often exposed to SHS at home, due to parental or other households' or guests' smoking. This study describes Portuguese children's exposure to SHS at home (total and by Portuguese main regions).

Portuguese children's exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke in the family car.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of children's exposure to second-hand smoke in the family car; to compare exposure among children with smoking and non-smoking parents.

Methods: In 2011, a self-administered questionnaire was applied to a 4th grade Portuguese children national sample (N=3187, mean age 9.5 ± 0.

Social influence, intention to smoke, and adolescent smoking behaviour longitudinal relations.

Objectives: There is a debate on the determinants of smoking behaviour, their relative impact, and how impacts are exerted. This longitudinal study is on the relations among social influence, intention to smoke, and smoking behaviour, controlling for attitude and self-efficacy.

Design And Methods: A model combining parents and peers with subjective and descriptive norms, resulting in four factors, was used to assess social influence.

Longitudinal evaluation of a smoking prevention program for adolescents.

Objective: To evaluate a smoking prevention program for adolescents.

Methods: The program was conducted between 1999 and 2002, in schools of the district of Lisbon, Portugal. The program integrated activities in the school, family and community.

The impact of social influence on adolescent intention to smoke: combining types and referents of influence.

Objectives: Theory and research suggest that the intention to smoke is the main determinant of smoking initiation and emphasizes the role of cognitive and social factors on the prediction of the intention to smoke. However, extended models such as the I-Change and results from published studies reveal inconsistencies regarding the impact of social influence on the intention to smoke. Possible explanations for this may be the definition and measurement of the constructs that have been used.

Psychosocial factors related with smoking behaviour in Portuguese adolescents.

Few studies describe the factors associated with smoking behaviour in Portuguese adolescents. Hence, smoking prevention activities are not based on research findings. This study analyses the differences between smokers and nonsmokers and factors associated with smoking behaviour in a sample of Portuguese adolescents.

The European Smoking prevention Framework Approach (ESFA): effects after 24 and 30 months.

The European Smoking Prevention Framework Approach (ESFA) study in six countries tested the effects of a comprehensive smoking prevention approach after 24 (T3; N = 10,751) and 30 months (T4; N = 9,282). The programme targeted four levels, i.e.

The European Smoking Prevention Framework Approach (ESFA): short-term effects.

The European Smoking Prevention Framework Approach (ESFA) resulted in a smoking prevention project for six European countries. It included activities on four levels: adolescents, schools, parents and out-of-school activities. Common goals and objectives were developed, but countries were also able to include additional objectives.