Profile of bacterial resistance in emergency wards, non-intensive care unit areas, and intensive care units in Mexican hospitals with the antimicrobial stewardship program.

Objectives: Bacterial infections are important causes of death. Some reports have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic may have had an impact on drug resistance. The objective of this work was to compare the resistance profiles between 2019 and 2020 in the emergency department, non-intensive care units (ICU), and ICU areas in Mexican hospitals.

Antimicrobial stewardship programs in seven Latin American countries: facing the challenges.

Background: Studies have shown that more than 50% of the antibiotics used in hospitals are unnecessary or inappropriate and, that antimicrobial resistance may cost up to 20 billion USD in excess medical costs each year. On the other hand, Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASP) significantly reduce inappropriate antimicrobial use, emergence of antimicrobial resistance, healthcare associated infections, and costs in hospital settings.

Objective: To evaluate the development of ASP and antibiotic savings in 7 Latin American hospitals using standardized quantitative indicators in all the participating health care institutions.

Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Ceftazidime/Avibactam in Clinical Isolates of and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Latin American Hospitals.

Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is the combination of a third-generation cephalosporin and a new non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor capable of inactivating class A, C, and some D β-lactamases. From a collection of 2,727 clinical isolates of ( 2,235) and P. aeruginosa ( 492) that were collected between 2016 and 2017 from five Latin American countries, we investigated the molecular resistance mechanisms to CZA of 127 (18/2,235 [0.

Molecular mechanisms leading to ceftolozane/tazobactam resistance in clinical isolates of from five Latin American countries.

Objectives: Identify molecular mechanisms responsible for the non-susceptibility to ceftolozane/tazobactam (TOL) in a group of 158 clinical isolates of from five Latin American countries collected before the introduction of TOL into the clinical practice.

Methods: Clinical isolates of ( = 504) were collected between January 2016 and October 2017 from 20 hospitals located in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to TOL were determined by standard broth microdilution and interpreted according to CLSI breakpoints.

Comparative In Vitro Activity of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam against Clinical Isolates of and from Five Latin American Countries.

Background: Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) is a combination of an antipseudomonal oxyiminoaminothiazolyl cephalosporin with potent in vitro activity against and tazobactam, a known β-lactamase inhibitor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of C/T against clinical isolates of and collected from five Latin American countries between 2016 and 2017, before its clinical use in Latin America, and to compare it with the activity of other available broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents.

Methods: a total of 2760 clinical isolates (508 and 2252 ) were consecutively collected from 20 hospitals and susceptibility to C/T and comparator agents was tested and interpreted following the current guidelines.

Update on the epidemiology of carbapenemases in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Introduction: Carbapenemases are β-lactamases able to hydrolyze a wide range of β-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems. Carbapenemase production in and spp., with and without the co-expression of other β-lactamases is a serious public health threat.

In Vitro Susceptibility to Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Comparators in Clinical Isolates of Enterobacterales from Five Latin American Countries.

: High rates of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems in Enterobacterales have been reported in Latin America. Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is the combination of a third-generation cephalosporin and a non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor, which has shown activity against isolates producing class A, C and D β-lactamases. Herein, we evaluated the activity of CZA and comparators against clinical isolates of Enterobacterales in Latin America.