Early identification of leptospirosis-associated pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome by use of a validated prediction model.

Objective: To identify prediction factors for the development of leptospirosis-associated pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome (LPHS).

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study. The study comprised of 203 patients, aged > or =14 years, admitted with complications of the severe form of leptospirosis at the Emílio Ribas Institute of Infectology (Sao Paulo, Brazil) between 1998 and 2004.