Placental and Neonatal Serum Leptin Levels in Premature Infants After Phototherapy: Are They Determining Factors for the Safe Indication of Passive Exercises?

Purpose: To analyze leptin levels in placental tissue and premature infants undergoing phototherapy and to evaluate the potential for prescribing passive exercise after phototherapy in this population.

Patients And Methods: This analytical, longitudinal, prospective cohort study included 108 parturients and their respective premature infants. Variables examined included weight, gestational age, body mass index, sex, serum leptin levels in placental tissue, serum bilirubin levels, and reticulocyte count.

Can Bariatric Surgery Help to Prevent Autoimmunity?

Background: Obesity has been linked to the development and progression of autoimmune diseases.

Aim: To investigate the presence of autoantibodies in the sera of bariatric-surgery patients.

Methods: During the pre- and postoperative period, sera from 79 patients undergoing bariatric surgery were tested for the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), Rheumatoid Factor (RF), IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies, and anti-endomysial antibodies.

TGF-β1 and CD68 immunoexpression in capsules formed by textured implants with and without mesh coverage: a study on female rats.

Purpose: To evaluate fibrosis formation and number of macrophages in capsules formed around textured implants without and with mesh coverage.

Methods: Fibrosis was analyzed through transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) immunomarker expression and the number of macrophages through CD68 percentage of cells in magnified field. Sixty female Wistar rats were distributed into two groups of 30 rats (unmeshed and meshed).

IS THE WAIST/HEIGHT RATIO A BETTER PARAMETER THAN BMI IN DETERMINING THE CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK PROFILE OF OBESE PEOPLE?

Background: The increased prevalence of obesity has led to a significant increase in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, a recognized risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Hyperglycemia or type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension are its main components. Since 2015, international guidelines have recognized the benefits of bariatric surgery in each isolated factor of this syndrome.

SHORTEN PREOPERATIVE FASTING AND INTRODUCING EARLY EATING ASSISTANCE IN RECOVERY AFTER GASTROJEJUNAL BYPASS?

Rational: The metabolic response to surgical trauma is enhanced by prolonged preoperative fasting, contributing to increased insulin resistance. This manifestation is more intense on the 1st and 2nd postoperative days and is directly proportional to the size of the operation.

Aim: To compare whether preoperative fasting abbreviation and early postoperative refeeding associated with intraoperative and postoperative fluid restriction interfere in the evolution of patients undergoing gastrojejunal bypass.

HELICAL COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY CAN MEASURE SUBCUTANEOUS, VISCERAL AND TOTAL FAT AREAS?

Background: Abdominal obesity or android obesity, that is, the increase in adipose tissue in the abdominal region, is considered a risk factor for several morbidities. Different ways of quantifying it have been proposed, one method is the measurement of the abdominal fat area by computed tomography.

Aim: To establish correspondence between the groups defined by degree of obesity in relation to the total, subcutaneous and visceral fat area.

BAR, SOFT AND DRI POST-HEPATIC TRANSPLANTATION: WHAT IS THE BEST FOR SURVIVAL ANALYSIS?

Background: Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with terminal liver disease. The Balance of Risk Score (BAR), Survival Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation (SOFT) and Donor Risk Index (DRI) scores are predictive systems for post-transplant survival.

Aim: To evaluate the most accurate score and the best cutoff point for each predictor in the brazilian population.

Histological evaluation of capsules formed by texturized silicone implants with and without polyester mesh coverage (Parietex®). A study on female rats.

Purpose: To evaluate capsules formed by microtextured silicone implants with and without Parietex® mesh coverage histologically.

Methods: Sixty Wistar rats were divided in two groups (meshed and unmeshed). Each group was, then, divided into two subgroups for evaluation at 30 and 90 days.

ROUX-IN-Y GASTROJEJUNAL BYPASS: WHICH ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUE HAS BEST RESULTS?

Background: Nausea and vomiting groups x moments. As the number of bariatric operations increases, there is a greater interest in knowledge, experience and skills in the operative and anesthetic management of obese people. Anesthetic recovery is an important point in the therapeutic approach and less adverse effects delaying discharge of these patients are necessary to be kept in mind by the surgical team.

IS THERE CORRELATION BETWEEN HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) AND ESOPHAGEAL EPIDERMOID CARCINOMA?

Background: Currently, persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been related in some geographic regions as a risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. It results in the immunoexpression of the p16 protein, which has been used as marker of the oncogenic lineage by this etiological agent.

Aim: To correlate epidemiological aspects of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with the prevalence of HPV infection.

COULD THE INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL ALTERATIONS PROMOTED BY ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS EXPLAIN HIGHER TENDENCY FOR COLONIC DISEASES IN BARIATRIC PATIENTS?

Background: Ki-67 in ascending colon: A) experiment and B) control. Intestinal diversions have revolutionized the treatment of morbid obesity due to its viability and sustained response. However, experimental studies suggest, after these derivations, a higher risk of colon cancer.

CAN STATURE, ABDOMINAL PERIMETER AND BMI INDEX PREDICT POSSIBLE CARDIOMETABOLIC RISKS IN FUTURE OBESITY?

Background: Obesity changes the anatomy of the patient. In addition to the aesthetic change, the high percentage of fat determines evident functional changes. Anthropometric normality in measuring abdominal circumference and height can serve as a basis for measuring cardiometabolic risks of obesity.

VERTICAL GASTRECTOMY VS. EXTENDED VERTICAL GASTRECTOMY: WHAT IS THE IMPACT ON GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE IN OBESE RATS?

Background: Extended vertical gastrectomy is a variation of the vertical gastrectomy technique requiring studies to elucidate safety in relation to gastroesophageal reflux.

Aim: To analyze comparatively vertical gastrectomy (VG) and extended vertical gastrectomy (EVG) in rats with obesity induced by cafeteria diet in relation to the presence of reflux esophagitis, weight loss and macroscopic changes related to the procedures.

Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into three groups, and after the obesity induction period by means of a 28-day cafeteria diet, underwent a simulated surgery (CG), VG and VGA.

Bariatric surgery results in restoration of physiological plasma levels of pentraxine-3.

Pentraxine-3 (PTX3) is a member of the humoral innate immune system and serves a role in protection against infections, inflammation control and matrix deposition. The aim of the present study was to measure the PTX3 levels in obese patients and its association with glycemic and lipid profiles, and to analyze the effects of weight loss provided by bariatric surgery in serum PTX3 levels. PTX3 was measured in 84 obese patients whom underwent bariatric surgery and 94 healthy controls.

IS SUPERFICIAL COLORECTAL LESIONS WITH LOW AND HIGH GRADES INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS MORE PREVALENT IN OLDER ABOVE 65 YEARS?

Background: Colorectal cancer has a higher incidence in the rectum and sigmoid. However, with the expansion of the diagnosis of superficial lesions interest in the diagnosis and in the role they play in colorectal carcinogenesis has increased.

Aim: To verify the behavior of superficial lesions of the colon and rectum, comparing the pathological and endoscopic findings, below and above 65 years.

MAGNETIC RESONANCE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY (MRCP) VERSUS ENDOSONOGRAPHY-GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION (EUS-FNA) FOR DIAGNOSIS AND FOLLOW-UP OF PANCREATIC INTRADUCTAL PAPILLARY MUCINOUS NEOPLASMS.

Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMN) are being diagnosed with increasing frequency. Computerized tomography scanning is commonly used as the primary imaging modality before surgery nonetheless magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) provides better characterization. Endosonography-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has emerged as a way to reach pathological diagnose.

PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF INTERLEUKIN-6 CHANGES IN PRE- AND POSTOPERATIVE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH BMI<35 SUBMITTED TO PARTIAL DUODENAL SWITCH.

Background: Studies related to obesity have shown association with metabolic syndrome. Data showing that obesity is capable to cause low grade chronic inflammation, without its classic signs and symptoms, call attention to researches to study different cells types and the mechanism of the inflammatory process.

Aim: To evaluate the variation of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL6) in diabetic patients with BMI <35 kg/m2 in the pre and postoperative of partial duodenal switch.

Vertical gastrectomy in overweight and non-overweight rats.

Purpose:: To compare the two lines suture (total and seromuscular) after partial gastrectomy in normal and overweight rats.

Methods:: Forty Wistar rats were distributed in two groups. Group A received normal diet; group B, normal diet and supplementation with saccharose in the water.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRESENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI WITH INFLAMMATORY ENDOSCOPIC CHANGES IN GASTRODUODENAL MUCOSA.

Background: The influence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in inflammatory disorders of the digestive mucosa has been the subject of several studies since socioeconomic, personal and environmental factors were implicated in the bacteria transmission.

Aim: To correlate the inflammatory endoscopic findings with HP infection and the onset of mucosal diseases mucous of the upper digestive tract.

Method: Comparative observational study, in which were collected data from 2247 patients who underwent upper endoscopy and biopsies for HP with urease test.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ESOPHAGITIS GRADES AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI.

Background: The Helicobacter pylori infection (HP) is related to the development of gastric lesions and lymphoma; however, it is not known if there is a relation with gastroesophageal reflux disease and reflux esophagitis.

Aim: To evaluate HP's relationship with esophagitis in patients undergoing upper endoscopy.

Methods: Observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, being evaluated 9576 patients undergoing outpatient endoscopic examination during the period between January and December 2015.

TENDINOPATHY AND OBESITY.

Introduction: Tendinopathies and tendon tears account for over 30% of all musculoskeletal consultations. Obesity, which is becoming one of the world´s most prevalent public health issues, may be associated with this condition.

Objective: To review the literature about tendinopathies and obesity association.

CORRELATION BETWEEN PRE AND POSTOPERATIVE UPPER DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY IN PATIENTS WHO UNDERWENT ROUX-EN-Y GASTROJEJUNAL BYPASS.

Background: Bariatric operations have variable range of complications and postoperative benefits. Gastroesophageal reflux is considered potential factor that may result in damage to the esophageal mucosa and this subject is quite controversial in the literature.

Aim: To evaluate patients who underwent to Roux-en-Y gastrojejunal bypass correlating epidemiologic and endoscopic findings in pre and postoperative periods.

Sonographic diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: a study in 200 hospital workers.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in a sample of 200 healthy hospital workers, establishing the respective epidemiological associations.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred individuals were submitted to wrist ultrasonography to measure the median nerve area. They were questioned and examined for epidemiological data, body mass index, carpal tunnel syndrome signs and symptoms, and submitted to the Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire (BCTQ) to evaluate the carpal tunnel syndrome severity.

WHEN AND WHY OPERATE ELDERLY OBESE.

Introduction: Concurrently with the pandemic obesity is observed global aging phenomenon, with a significant increase of obesity in the elderly population.

Aim: To review the indications for bariatric surgery for the elderly, mainly focusing on the morbidity and mortality of procedures.

Method: Review of the literature in PubMed/Medline and Scielo focusing on the relationship of risk factors with different techniques of bariatric surgery in the elderly.

BAROS METHOD CRITICAL ANALYSIS(BARIATRIC ANALYSIS AND REPORTING SYSTEM).

Introduction: Although it has received several criticisms, which is considered to be the most effective method used for global assessment of morbid obesity surgical treatment, still needs to be updated.

Objective: Critical analysis of BAROS constitution and method.

Method: BAROS as headings was searched in literature review using data from the main bariatric surgery journals until 2009.