Effect of Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy on Lung Volume and Ventilation in Preterm Infants.

Objective: To assess the changes in (regional) lung volume and gas exchange during minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Study Design: In this prospective observational study, infants requiring a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) ≥ 0.30 during nasal continuous positive airway pressure of 6 cmH2O were eligible for MIST.

The effect of prolonged lateral positioning during routine care on regional lung volume changes in preterm infants.

Introduction: During routine nursing care, preterm infants are often placed in lateral position for several hours, but the effect of this procedure on regional lung volume and ventilation is unknown. In our study we examined this effect during 3 hrs of lateral positioning in stable preterm infants.

Methods: Preterm infants on non-invasive respiratory support were eligible for the study.

Changes in lung volume and ventilation following transition from invasive to noninvasive respiratory support and prone positioning in preterm infants.

Background: To minimize secondary lung injury, ventilated preterm infants are extubated as soon as possible. To maximize extubation success, they are often placed in prone position. The effect of extubation and subsequent prone positioning on lung volumes is currently unknown.

Cross-sectional changes in lung volume measured by electrical impedance tomography are representative for the whole lung in ventilated preterm infants.

Objective: Electrical impedance tomography measures lung volume in a cross-sectional slice of the lung. Whether these cross-sectional volume changes are representative of the whole lung has only been investigated in adults, showing conflicting results. This study aimed to compare cross-sectional and whole lung volume changes using electrical impedance tomography and respiratory inductive plethysmography.

Effect of nasal continuous and biphasic positive airway pressure on lung volume in preterm infants.

Objective: To monitor regional changes in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), tidal volumes, and their ventilation distribution during different levels of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and nasal biphasic positive airway pressure (BiPAP) in stable preterm infants.

Study Design: By using electrical impedance tomography and respiratory inductive plethysmography, we measured changes in EELV and tidal volumes in 22 preterm infants (gestational age 29.7 ± 1.