Publications by authors named "Pauline McLoone"

Article Synopsis
  • * The phytochemicals in honey, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, demonstrate a variety of beneficial properties like anti-inflammatory, antiaging, and antioxidant effects relevant to skin health.
  • * While current studies show promise for honey's potential in treating dermatological disorders, further high-quality research is needed to confirm its clinical efficacy as a bioactive agent or cosmeceutical.
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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and sun protection practices among residents of Kazakhstan through an online questionnaire.
  • - An analysis of 249 participants revealed that while knowledge and attitudes towards sun exposure were moderate, actual sun protection practices were notably low.
  • - Factors such as female gender, having children educated about sun safety, and overall knowledge and attitudes were significantly linked to better sun protection behaviors among participants.
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Growing concern over antimicrobial resistance in chronic wound patients necessitates the exploration of alternative treatments from natural sources. This study suggests that honey's phenolic compounds may offer antimicrobial benefits, warranting further investigation for therapeutic development. The main aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of phenolic compounds and to determine the effects of their sub-inhibitory concentrations against ().

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Immunoglobulin A Deficiency (IgAD) is the most common primary immunodeficiency and is significantly associated with Celiac Disease (CD), which recognizes a specific background of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) predisposition (including HLA-DQB1*02:01 allele). A number of studies investigated the role of HLA in IgAD etiopathogenesis: HLA-DQB1*02 alleles are included in the main haplotypes linked to this primary immunodeficiency. In this preliminary study, we investigated the potential impact of HLA-DQB1*02:01 allelic status on total serum IgA levels: 108 serum samples from the bone marrow donors' registry were analyzed for total IgA concentration with respect to the HLA-DQB1*02:01 status.

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Honey is known to have antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and wound healing properties. The biological properties of honey have been attributed to phytochemicals derived from their source plants and research has focused on identifying the bioactive phytochemicals with therapeutic potential. In this study, we determined the ability of 5 honeys from Kazakhstan and manuka honey to stimulate TNF-α and TGF-β production by human keratinocytes.

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Background: Antimicrobial drug resistance is a major public health threat that can render infections including wound and skin infections untreatable. The discovery of new antimicrobials is critical. Approaches to discover novel antimicrobial therapies have included investigating the antimicrobial activity of natural sources such as honey.

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Topical application of medical grade honey is recommended for the clinical management of wound infections. The suitability of honey as a wound healing agent is largely due to its antibacterial activity, immune modulatory properties, and biocompatibility. Despite the usefulness of honey in wound healing, chronic wound infections continue to be a global problem requiring new and improved therapeutic interventions.

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People who reside near oil exploration activities may be exposed to toxins from gas flares or oil spills. The impact of such exposures on the human immune system has not been fully investigated. In this review, research investigating the effects of crude oil on the immune system is evaluated.

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Background And Aims: Data on cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in populations consisting of multi-racial groups in the Commonwealth of Independent States are limited. Here, the main aim was to analyse the incidence and body site of these cancers in the population groups of Astana, Kazakhstan (2007-2016).

Methods: Annual age standardised incidences and body sites of BCC, SCC, and CMM in Astana's population, divided into "Kazakhs and other Turkic/Asian" and "Russian and other European/Caucasian" groups, were calculated from histologically confirmed cases reported to Astana Oncology Centre.

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The association between ultraviolet radiation exposure and skin cancer is well established. Limited studies have reported an association between frostbite and the development of non-melanoma skin cancer but evidence for a proven link is insufficient and possible carcinogenic mechanisms have not been fully explored. In this report, 3 cases of non-melanoma skin cancer (1 case of basal cell carcinoma and 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin) which developed at a site of previous frostbite caused by exposure to extremely cold temperatures in Astana, the capital city of Kazakhstan, are described.

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Problems with conventional treatments for a range of dermatological disorders have led scientists to search for new compounds of therapeutic value. Efforts have included the evaluation of natural products such as honey. Manuka honey, for example, has been scientifically recognised for its anti-microbial and wound healing properties and is now used clinically as a topical treatment for wound infections.

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Resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics is a serious global health concern. In this review, research investigating the antimicrobial properties of honeys from around the world against skin relevant microbes is evaluated. A plethora of in vitro studies have revealed that honeys from all over the world have potent microbicidal activity against dermatologically important microbes.

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A single or a limited number of UVR exposures is recognized to suppress cell-mediated immunity in human subjects. The complex pathway leading from the absorption of photons by chromophores in the skin to the generation of T regulatory cells has been, at least partially, elucidated. However, the effect of repeated UV exposures on immune responses and associated mediators is not well studied, particularly to assess whether they lead, first, to the development of photoprotection so that these immune changes are reduced or no longer occur, and, secondly, to the development of photoprotection against the normal downregulation of immunity induced by a high UV dose.

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Exposure of certain strains of mice to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is known to suppress both local and systemic immune responses, including a reduction in the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages. However, in many instances, the immunological effects have been observed following a single or a limited number of doses of UVR from sources containing a higher proportion of UVB than that emitted by the sun. The first aim of the present study was to establish whether a single exposure of C3H/HeN mice to solar simulated radiation (SSR) suppressed the ability of the peritoneal macrophages to phagocytose opsonised sheep red blood cells.

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Exposure of certain strains of mice to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) causes suppression of some innate and adaptive immune responses. One such consequence of acute UVB exposure is a reduction in the number of Langerhans cells (LC) in the epidermis and an increase in dendritic cells (DC) in lymph nodes draining the irradiated skin sites. Exposure to chronic UVB irradiation also has effects on the immune system, but it is unknown what effects are caused by repeated doses of solar simulated radiation (SSR).

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Urocanic acid (UCA) is present at millimolar concentrations in mammalian epidermis and undergoes photoisomerization from the naturally occurring trans-isomer to the cis-isomer on exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Cis-UCA causes downregulation of various immune responses in mouse and human experimental models and has been proposed as both a chromophore and a mediator of UV-induced immune suppression. In this study, the wavelength dependence from 260-340 nm for trans to cis-UCA photoisomerization in human skin was analyzed in five healthy volunteers.

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