Plant and algal lipidomes: Analysis, composition, and their societal significance.

Plants and algae play a crucial role in the earth's ecosystems. Through photosynthesis they convert light energy into chemical energy, capture CO2 and produce oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds. Photosynthetic organisms are primary producers and synthesize the essential omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids.

Improved Antiproliferative Activity and Fluorescence of a Dinuclear Gold(I) Bisimidazolylidene Complex via Anthracene-Modification.

A straightforward modification route to obtain mono- and di-substituted anthroyl ester bridge functionalized dinuclear Au(I) bis-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes is presented. The functionalization can be achieved starting from a hydroxyl-functionalized ligand precursor followed by transmetallation of the corresponding Ag complex or via esterification of the hydroxyl-functionalized gold complex. The compounds are characterized by NMR-spectroscopy, ESI-MS, elemental analysis and SC-XRD.

Mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic activity of syn/anti-isomers of dinuclear Au(I) NHC complexes.

The syn- and anti-isomers of dinuclear Au(I) complexes of the type Au(L)(PF) (R = isopropyl or mesityl) bearing 2-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl-bridged bisimidazolylidene ligands were separated by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, ESI mass spectrometry as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of the isolated isomers has shown very small difference in their cytotoxic behavior in various cancer cell lines. Additional counter-anion exchange (hexafluorophosphate to chloride) allows to increase the water solubility of Au(L)(PF) and leads to higher antiproliferative activity when compared to the hexafluorophosphate-complex.

Dinuclear zwitterionic silver(i) and gold(i) complexes bearing 2,2-acetate-bridged bisimidazolylidene ligands.

Four novel dinuclear Ag(i) and Au(i) NHC complexes bearing two 2,2-acetate-bridged bisimidazolylidene ligands (R = Me and iPr) of zwitterionic and metallacyclic forms are reported. The functionalized methylene bridge of the ligands leads to water soluble complexes, which have been characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction in the case of L-H-PF, Ag(L), Ag(L) and Au(L). Dimerization processes caused by hydrogen bonding or Ag(i)-carboxylate interactions in the solid state were observed for L-H-PF and Ag(L).

Effect of Conducting Salts in Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Enhanced Cyclability of Sodium-Ion Batteries.

The electrochemical performance of ionic liquid electrolytes containing different sodium salts dissolved in 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMPTFSI) evaluated in a half-cell configuration using spherical P2-NaCoMnO (NCO) cathodes are reported. Among the various electrolytes investigated, sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI) (0.5 M) in BMPTFSI shows the best electrochemical performance with a significant improvement in cycling stability (90% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 50 mA g in a half cell versus Na metal anode) compared with conventional NaClO (1 M) in ethylene carbonate/propylene carbonate electrolytes (39% retention after 500 cycles).

Ru(OCCF)(PPh) and ruthenium phosphine complexes bearing fluoroacetate ligands: synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity.

The dinuclear ruthenium(ii) phosphine complexes Ru2Cl(O2CCHxF3-x)3(PPh3)4(μ-H2O) (x = 0, 1, 2), containing fluoroacetate ligands, were prepared from RuCl2(PPh3)3 and NaO2CCHxF3-x in tBuOH. The X-ray characterization of these complexes reveals a bridging water molecule, stabilized by hydrogen bonds with the fluoroacetate ligands. The isolation of the complex Ru(O2CCF3)2(PPh3)2 is described, starting from RuCl2(PPh3)3 or Ru2Cl(O2CCF3)3(PPh3)4(μ-H2O) and TlO2CCF3, correcting the reported preparation in which Ru2Cl(O2CCF3)3(PPh3)4(μ-H2O) was obtained.

Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of room temperature ionic liquids and their application in sodium ion batteries.

Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) based on IL electrolytes have attracted great attention, particularly in large-scale energy storage systems for renewable energy due to the abundance of sodium and the excellent safety resulting from the use of non-flammable ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes. In this article, a series of 15 functionalized room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) suitable as electrolytes is presented. Special emphasis was laid on the purity of the synthesized RTILs and a consistent and uniform characterization of their physicochemical properties.