Behavioral outcome of very preterm children at 5 years of age: Prognostic utility of brain tissue volumes at term-equivalent-age, perinatal, and environmental factors.

Objective: Prematurity is associated with a high risk of long-term behavioral problems. This study aimed to assess the prognostic utility of volumetric brain data at term-equivalent-age (TEA), clinical perinatal factors, and parental social economic risk in the prediction of the behavioral outcome at 5 years in a cohort of very preterm infants (VPT, <32 gestational weeks).

Methods: T2-weighted magnetic resonance brain images of 80 VPT children were acquired at TEA and automatically segmented into cortical gray matter, deep subcortical gray matter, white matter (WM), cerebellum (CB), and cerebrospinal fluid.

Transient tone anomalies in very preterm infants: Association with term-equivalent brain magnetic resonance imaging and neurodevelopment at 18 months.

Background: Very preterm (VPT) infants are at risk for neurodevelopmental impairments and early clinical findings such as transient tone anomalies (TTA) might represent potential predictive indicators.

Aims: The aims of this study were to assess 1) the prevalence of TTA at 6 months corrected age in a population of VPT infants, 2) the association with term-equivalent age (TEA) brain MRI and 3) the neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months corrected age.

Study Design And Subjects: A prospective case-control cohort of 103 VPT infants (<29 weeks of gestation) was followed up at 6 months and classified into TTA+ or TTA-.