The quality and technological parameters of milk obtained from dairy cows with subclinical mastitis.

Mastitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy cattle. It significantly reduces milk quality and yield, thus incurring economic losses for farmers. This study investigates the impact of various bacterial pathogens on the somatic cell count, milk composition, and technological properties of milk samples from 302 clinically healthy Polish Holstein-Friesian cows kept under intensive rearing conditions.

Effect of Supplementation with Organic Selenium or Turmeric and Rosemary Mixture on Beta-Defensin Content in Goat Milk.

The present study examines the effects of diet supplementation with an organic selenium or herb-spice mixture on beta-defensin1 (GBD-1) and beta-defensin2 (GBD-2) concentrations in goat milk. Herd-I, consisting of Polish White (PWI) and Fawn Improved (PFI) goats, received supplementation with organic or inorganic selenium (controls). All goats were free from parasites, mastitis, and small ruminant lentivirus infection.

The relationship between perceived competence and self-esteem among novice nurses - a cross-sectional study.

Background: Novice nurses' responsibilities are greater than what their actual level of competence can cope with. This can cause increased levels of stress, which many studies have shown is a factor resulting in reduced self-esteem, which affects not only the well-being of nurses but also the quality of care provided.

Aims: To investigate the relationship between the self-assessment of nursing competencies and self-esteem among novice nurses and the moderation role of the sociodemographic variables and intention to leave the nursing profession on this relationship.

The effect of single-nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of bovine alpha-lactalbumin (LALBA) gene on LALBA expression in milk cells and milk traits of cows.

Polymorphisms of milk protein genes have been proposed as candidate markers for dairy production traits in cattle. In the present study, a polymorphism was detected in the 5'-flanking (promoter) region of the bovine alpha-lactalbumin (LALBA) gene, a T/C transition located at nucleotide -1,001 relative to the transcription start site g.-1001T > C (NC_037332.

Structure and reactivity of [Ru(terpy)(N^N)Cl]Cl complexes: consequences for biological applications.

The crystal structures of [Ru(terpy)(bipy)Cl]Cl·2HO and [Ru(terpy)(en)Cl]Cl·3HO, where terpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine, bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine and en = ethylenediamine, were determined and compared to the structure of the complexes in solution obtained by multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy in DMSO as a solvent. In aqueous solution, both chlorido complexes aquate fully to the corresponding aqua complexes, viz. [Ru(terpy)(bipy)(HO)] and [Ru(terpy)(en)(HO)], within ca.