Metabolic Effects of a Commonly Used Combined Hormonal Oral Contraceptive in Women With and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background: Data on combined hormonal oral contraceptives' (OCs) effects on metabolic changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been conflicting and were predominantly based on OCs with cyproterone acetate (unavailable in the United States) Most studies did not include normal women as controls. We compared metabolic changes before and after an OC commonly used in the United States between women with and without PCOS.

Methods: Ten PCOS and 20 control women took ethinyl estradiol 35 μg and norgestimate 0.

Effect of Renin-Angiotensin system inhibition on cardiovascular events in older hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome.

Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Insulin resistance has been hypothesized as the underlying feature of MetS. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are widely used antihypertensives that may improve insulin sensitivity.

Effect of combined metformin and oral contraceptive therapy on metabolic factors and endothelial function in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 19 overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome were randomized to a 3-month course of either metformin plus combined hormonal oral contraceptive (OC) (n = 9) or OC plus matched placebo (n = 10). After 3 months, both treatments had similar effects on androgen levels, lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and serum inflammatory markers, but flow-mediated dilatation increased by 69.0% in the metformin plus OC group while it remained unchanged in the OC group.

Divergent effects of a combined hormonal oral contraceptive on insulin sensitivity in lean versus obese women.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a commonly used combined hormonal oral contraceptive (OC) on carbohydrate metabolism in obese as compared with lean women.

Design: 6-month prospective study.

Setting: Clinical research center at an academic medical center.

Long-term effect of metformin on metabolic parameters in the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Insulin resistance is a central feature of the PCOS and may increase cardiovascular risk. Owing to insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in women with PCOS compared with unaffected women. Metformin improves the metabolic profile in PCOS in short-term studies.

Insulin-stimulated release of D-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan mediator correlates with insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Some actions of insulin are mediated by inositolphosphoglycan (IPG) mediators. Deficient release of a putative D-chiro-inositol-containing (DCI) IPG mediator may contribute to insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Previously, we demonstrated that oral DCI supplementation improved ovulation and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS.

Glucose intolerance in polycystic ovary syndrome--a position statement of the Androgen Excess Society.

Objectives: Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are at increased risk for developing glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Recommendations for the timing and method of screening have varied. The purpose of this statement is to determine the optimal screening method, timing of screening, and treatment modalities for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) among women with PCOS.

Effect of macronutrient composition on postprandial peptide YY levels.

Background: Peptide YY (PYY) is released from the distal small intestine and colon after meals and reduces appetite by increasing satiety. The amount of PYY released is proportional to calories ingested. Fat ingestion has also been reported to stimulate PYY release.

The metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Approximately one-third to one-half of all women and adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has the metabolic syndrome, associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Evidence suggests that insulin resistance is the likely link between PCOS and the metabolic syndrome. Early screening for impaired glucose tolerance, even in adolescents, is recommended.

Dermatology of androgen-related disorders.

Hyperandrogenism in women can be caused by various conditions, the most prevalent of which is polycystic ovary syndrome. Common dermatologic manifestations of hyperandrogenism include hirsutism, acne, acanthosis nigricans, and androgenic alopecia. Hirsute women often have increased activity of 5 alpha-reductase, the enzyme that converts the androgen testosterone to its active metabolite, in hair follicles.

Metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is high across all age groups. Dyslipidemia, particularly a decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, also is common in women with PCOS.

Effects of short-term and long-term metformin treatment on menstrual cyclicity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the frequency of menstrual cyclicity between two groups of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: women who were followed while on metformin for 3-6 months and those who were followed for >6 months. The results showed that metformin is highly effective in normalizing menstrual cyclicity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (the overall response rate was 69%, with 88% of responders achieving normal cyclicity), especially with a treatment duration of 6 months or longer (the response rate was 40% higher for women who were treated with metformin for >6 months vs. 3-6 months, 77% vs.

Evidence for metabolic and reproductive phenotypes in mothers of women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Dyslipidemia is a feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but its pathogenesis remains controversial. We performed this study of mothers of women with PCOS to test the hypothesis that dyslipidemia is a heritable trait in families of women with PCOS and to investigate the impact of age on reproductive and metabolic phenotypes. Fasting blood was obtained in 215 non-Hispanic white mothers of women with PCOS and 62 control women.

Association between the current use of low-dose oral contraceptives and cardiovascular arterial disease: a meta-analysis.

Context: The long-term cardiovascular safety of widely used oral contraceptives (OCs) is still debated, and no meta-analysis assesses the modern use of OCs and the associated cardiovascular risks.

Objective: We aimed to assess the risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with current use of low-dose combined OCs.

Data Sources: All studies published between January 1980 and October 2002 were searched using MEDLINE, BIOSIS, and Scientific Citations.

Prevalence and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance also plays a role in the metabolic syndrome (MBS). We hypothesized that the MBS is prevalent in PCOS and that women with both conditions would present with more hyperandrogenism and menstrual cycle irregularity than women with PCOS only.

Reduced serum glycodelin and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome during first trimester of pregnancy.

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an increased rate of early pregnancy loss (EPL). Hyperinsulinemia is an independent risk factor for EPL and has been found to decrease levels of glycodelin and IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), two major endometrial proteins. We hypothesized that serum glycodelin IGFBP-1 concentrations would be reduced in women with PCOS during the first trimester of pregnancy.