The power of Para sport: the effect of performance-focused swimming training on motor function in adolescents with cerebral palsy and high support needs (GMFCS IV) - a single-case experimental design with 30-month follow-up.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of a performance-focused swimming programme on motor function in previously untrained adolescents with cerebral palsy and high support needs (CPHSN) and to determine whether the motor decline typical of adolescents with CPHSN occurred in these swimmers.

Methods: A Multiple-Baseline, Single-Case Experimental Design (MB-SCED) study comprising five phases and a 30-month follow-up was conducted. Participants were two males and one female, all aged 15 years, untrained and with CPHSN.

Does sports-specific training improve measures of impairment developed for para sport classification? A multiple-baseline, single-case experiment.

Conceptually, sports-specific training should not influence measures of impairment used to classify Para athletes. This study evaluated the extent to which measures of strength, range of movement and coordination developed for Para swimming classification changed in response to a performance-focused swimming programme. A five-phase multiple-baseline, single-case experimental research design was utilized.

Identifying Urinary Tract Infection-Related Information in Home Care Nursing Notes.

Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in home care but not easily captured with standard assessment. This study aimed to examine the value of nursing notes in detecting UTI signs and symptoms in home care.

Design: The study developed a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to automatically identify UTI-related information in nursing notes.

Shaping the post-COVID-19 "New Normal" with Communication and Collaboration Platforms: state of the art communications for radiology, oncology, MDTs and beyond.

The COVID-19 pandemic has driven the use of digital communications to unprecedented levels across society whilst the NHS struggles with non-compatible IT systems that are often outdated and inhibit effective communication. MDTs use teleconferencing but the IT infrastructure does not permit clinicians to readily discuss cases and collaboratively review imaging outside of formal meetings if not on the same site and face-to-face. NHS radiology home reporting was not widely in place at the outbreak of the pandemic.

Free-Text Documentation of Dementia Symptoms in Home Healthcare: A Natural Language Processing Study.

Background: Little is known about symptom documentation related to Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) by home healthcare (HHC) clinicians.

Objective: This study: (1) developed a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm that identifies common neuropsychiatric symptoms of ADRD in HHC free-text clinical notes; (2) described symptom clusters and hospitalization or emergency department (ED) visit rates for patients with and without these symptoms.

Method: We examined a corpus of -2.

Fitness, Function, and Exercise Training Responses after Limb Salvage With a Lower Limb Megaprosthesis: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To describe the fitness, function, and exercise training responses of patients following reconstruction of the lower limb with a total femoral (TF), proximal femoral (PF), distal femoral (DF), or proximal tibial (PT) megaprosthesis. TYPE: Systematic review.

Literature Survey: Five research databases were searched systematically for original studies published in English from 2006 to 2017 that reported fitness, functioning, or exercise training responses for one or more of the four types of lower limb megaprosthesis listed above.

Dexamethasone and supportive care with or without whole brain radiotherapy in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases unsuitable for resection or stereotactic radiotherapy (QUARTZ): results from a phase 3, non-inferiority, randomised trial.

Background: Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and dexamethasone are widely used to treat brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), although there have been no randomised clinical trials showing that WBRT improves either quality of life or overall survival. Even after treatment with WBRT, the prognosis of this patient group is poor. We aimed to establish whether WBRT could be omitted without a significant effect on survival or quality of life.

Prophylactic radiotherapy for the prevention of procedure-tract metastases after surgical and large-bore pleural procedures in malignant pleural mesothelioma (SMART): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

Background: The use of prophylactic radiotherapy to prevent procedure-tract metastases (PTMs) in malignant pleural mesothelioma remains controversial, and clinical practice varies worldwide. We aimed to compare prophylactic radiotherapy with deferred radiotherapy (given only when a PTM developed) in a suitably powered trial.

Methods: We did a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled trial in 22 UK hospitals of patients with histocytologically proven mesothelioma who had undergone large-bore pleural interventions in the 35 days prior to recruitment.

HuR and GRSF1 modulate the nuclear export and mitochondrial localization of the lncRNA RMRP.

Some mitochondrial long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are encoded by nuclear DNA, but the mechanisms that mediate their transport to mitochondria are poorly characterized. Using affinity RNA pull-down followed by mass spectrometry analysis, we found two RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), HuR (human antigen R) and GRSF1 (G-rich RNA sequence-binding factor 1), that associated with the nuclear DNA-encoded lncRNA RMRP and mobilized it to mitochondria. In cultured human cells, HuR bound RMRP in the nucleus and mediated its CRM1 (chromosome region maintenance 1)-dependent export to the cytosol.

Continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy - Escalated dose (CHART-ED): A phase I study.

Introduction: Patients who present with locally advanced inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may be suitable for radical radiotherapy. A randomised trial of 563 patients compared CHART and conventional radical radiotherapy (60 Gy/30f) given over 6 weeks and suggested that CHART resulted in a 9% improvement in 2-year survival (Saunders et al., 1999).

A Multicenter Randomized Trial of Ibandronate Compared With Single-Dose Radiotherapy for Localized Metastatic Bone Pain in Prostate Cancer.

Background: The radiotherapy or ibandronate (RIB) trial was a randomized multicenter nonblind two-arm trial to compare intravenous ibandronate given as a single infusion with single-dose radiotherapy for metastatic bone pain.

Methods: Four hundred seventy prostate cancer patients with metastatic bone pain who were suitable for local radiotherapy were randomly assigned to radiotherapy (single dose, 8 Gy) or intravenous infusion of ibandronate (6mg) in a noninferiority trial. Pain was measured using the Brief Pain Inventory at baseline and four, eight, 12, 26, and 52 weeks.

A hybrid process fidelity assessment in a home-based randomized clinical trial.

A process fidelity assessment was conducted as a nested study within a home-based randomized clinical trial teaching self-management to 101 long-term indwelling urinary catheter users in the treatment group. Our hybrid model combined external assessments (outside observations and tape recordings) with internal evaluation methods (through study nurse forms and notes) for a comprehensive process fidelity assessment. Barriers, patient-related issues, and nurse perspectives were identified demonstrating the complexity in home care intervention research.

Effect of re-irradiation for painful bone metastases on urinary markers of osteoclast activity (NCIC CTG SC.20U).

Purpose: The NCIC CTG Symptom Control.20 randomized trial (SC.20) confirmed the effectiveness of re-irradiation to painful bone metastases.

Protocol for the surgical and large bore procedures in malignant pleural mesothelioma and radiotherapy trial (SMART Trial): an RCT evaluating whether prophylactic radiotherapy reduces the incidence of procedure tract metastases.

Introduction: Patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) may develop painful 'procedure tract metastasis' (PTM) at the site of previous pleural interventions. Prophylactic radiotherapy has been used to minimise this complication; however, three small randomised trials have shown conflicting results regarding its effectiveness. The surgical and large bore procedures in malignant pleural mesothelioma and radiotherapy trial (SMART Trial) is a suitably powered, multicentre, randomised controlled trial, designed to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic radiotherapy within 42 days of pleural instrumentation in preventing the development of PTM in MPM.

Hospital accreditation--a foundation for high reliability.

The people who work in health care organizations are committed to providing the best care possible to their patients. In the contemporary health care environment this is a very difficult commitment to keep. Health care has never been more complicated or demanding of the people who work in the industry.

Female and male gamete mitochondria are distinct and complementary in transcription, structure, and genome function.

Respiratory electron transport in mitochondria is coupled to ATP synthesis while generating mutagenic oxygen free radicals. Mitochondrial DNA mutation then accumulates with age, and may set a limit to the lifespan of individual, multicellular organisms. Why is this mutation not inherited? Here we demonstrate that female gametes-oocytes-have unusually small and simple mitochondria that are suppressed for DNA transcription, electron transport, and free radical production.

Mitochondrial genome function and maternal inheritance.

The persistence of mtDNA to encode a small subset of mitochondrial proteins reflects the selective advantage of co-location of key respiratory chain subunit genes with their gene products. The disadvantage of this co-location is exposure of mtDNA to mutagenic ROS (reactive oxygen species), which are by-products of aerobic respiration. The resulting 'vicious circle' of mitochondrial mutation has been proposed to underlie aging and its associated degenerative diseases.

Energy, ageing, fidelity and sex: oocyte mitochondrial DNA as a protected genetic template.

Oxidative phosphorylation couples ATP synthesis to respiratory electron transport. In eukaryotes, this coupling occurs in mitochondria, which carry DNA. Respiratory electron transport in the presence of molecular oxygen generates free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are mutagenic.

Research on culturally tailored interventions aimed at improving chronic disease risk factors and management.

High blood pressure (HBP) is a worldwide epidemic with health and economic consequences. Although there is a growing body of knowledge, treatment options, and clinical guidelines, a small percentage of people with hypertension (HTN) achieve optimal control. In addition, HBP disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities.

Chloroplast-mitochondria cross-talk in diatoms.

Diatoms are unicellular, mainly photosynthetic, eukaryotes living within elaborate silicified cell walls and believed to be responsible for around 40% of global primary productivity in the oceans. Their abundance in aquatic ecosystems is such that they have on different occasions been described as the insects, the weeds, or the cancer cells of the ocean. In contrast to higher plants and green algae which derive from a primary endosymbiosis, diatoms are now believed to originate from a serial secondary endosymbiosis involving both green and red algae and a heterotrophic exosymbiont host.

A structural phylogenetic map for chloroplast photosynthesis.

Chloroplasts are cytoplasmic organelles and the sites of photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells. Advances in structural biology and comparative genomics allow us to identify individual components of the photosynthetic apparatus precisely with respect to the subcellular location of their genes. Here we present outline maps of four energy-transducing thylakoid membranes.

MutS HOMOLOG1 is a nucleoid protein that alters mitochondrial and plastid properties and plant response to high light.

Mitochondrial-plastid interdependence within the plant cell is presumed to be essential, but measurable demonstration of this intimate interaction is difficult. At the level of cellular metabolism, several biosynthetic pathways involve both mitochondrial- and plastid-localized steps. However, at an environmental response level, it is not clear how the two organelles intersect in programmed cellular responses.

Evolutionary diversification indicated by compensatory base changes in ITS2 secondary structures in a complex fungal species, Rhizoctonia solani.

The rRNA cistron (18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S) is used widely for phylogenetic analyses. Recent studies show that compensatory base changes (CBC) in the secondary structure of ITS2 correlate with genetic incompatibility between organisms.

Participation of leaky ribosome scanning in protein dual targeting by alternative translation initiation in higher plants.

Postendosymbiotic evolution has given rise to proteins that are multiply targeted within the cell. Various mechanisms have been identified to permit the expression of proteins encoding distinct N termini from a single gene. One mechanism involves alternative translation initiation (aTI).