Effect of Ultrasound and Osmotic Dehydration as Pretreatments on the Infrared Drying of Banana Slices.

Research Background: There is a growing interest in foods with added nutritional value and extended shelf life. This study investigates the use of infrared technology in the drying of banana slices to improve their stability and quality by minimizing moisture content and water activity.

Experimental Approach: The drying experiments were carried out at a temperature of 70 °C, using the following pretreatments: ultrasound-assisted (UA) immersion in water for 20 and 30 min, osmotic dehydration (OD) and ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration (UAOD) for 20, 30 and 40 min.

Innovative strategies in yacon drying: Ethanol pretreatment and intermittent microwave drying.

The yacon roots are rich in fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and highly perishable. Drying is crucial for food quality and extending shelf life. However, preserving thermosensitive compounds, such as FOS, poses a challenge in conventional drying methods.

Evaluation of 10-minute post-injection 11C-PiB PET and its correlation with 18F-FDG PET in older adults who are cognitively healthy, mildly impaired, or with probable Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Positron emission tomography (PET) allows in vivo evaluation of molecular targets in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Mild cognitive impairment is an intermediate stage between normal cognition and Alzheimer-type dementia. In vivo fibrillar amyloid-beta can be detected in PET using [11C]-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PiB).

Episodic Memory, Hippocampal Volume, and Function for Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients Regarding Amyloid Pathology.

Background: Previous studies of hippocampal function and volume related to episodic memory deficits in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) have produced mixed results including increased or decreased activity and volume. However, most of them have not included biomarkers, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition which is the hallmark for early identification of the Alzheimer's disease continuum.

Objective: We investigated the role of Aβ deposition, functional hippocampal activity and structural volume in aMCI patients and healthy elderly controls (HC) using a new functional MRI (fMRI) ecological episodic memory task.

Brief Report: Young Age and Sex Work Are Associated With HIV Seroconversion Among Transgender Women in São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Transgender women worldwide have the highest prevalence of HIV and the lowest access to prevention among groups at risk of HIV. However, few longitudinal studies have directly measured HIV incidence and identified predictors of HIV acquisition among transgender women.

Setting: São Paulo, Latin America's largest city.

Respiratory synchrony comparison between preterm and full-term neonates using inertial sensors.

Introduction: Due to inefficient respiratory control, newborns become prone to asynchronous thoracoabdominal (TA) movements. The present study quantitatively estimated the synchrony of TA in preterm and full-term newborns through an inertial and magnetic measurement units (IMMUs) system.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 20 newborns divided into Preterm Group (PTG, n = 10) and Full-Term Group (FTG, n = 10).

Marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM composite resin and ceramic crowns before and after internal adjustment.

Statement Of Problem: With the development of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology, dentists may determine internal spacing by using the CAD-CAM software program and make internal adjustments during the clinical evaluation appointment. How these factors affect marginal adaptation is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal and internal adaptation of CAD-CAM ceramic and composite resin crowns with different internal spacings before and after internal adjustment by using microcomputed tomography.

Twice-daily red and blue light treatment for Candida albicans biofilm matrix development control.

Phototherapy has been proposed as a direct means of affecting local bacterial infections. However, the use of phototherapy to prevent fungal biofilm development has received comparatively less attention. This study aimed to determine the effects of red light treatment and blue light treatment, without a photosensitizer, on the development of Candida albicans biofilm.

Multidimensional effects of voice therapy in patients affected by unilateral vocal fold paralysis due to cancer.

Introduction: Patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis may demonstrate different degrees of voice perturbation depending on the position of the paralyzed vocal fold. Understanding the effectiveness of voice therapy in this population may be an important coefficient to define the therapeutic approach.

Objective: To evaluate the voice therapy effectiveness in the short, medium and long-term in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis and determine the risk factors for voice rehabilitation failure.

Prefrontal-Parietal White Matter Volumes in Healthy Elderlies Are Decreased in Proportion to the Degree of Cardiovascular Risk and Related to Inhibitory Control Deficits.

Cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors may be associated with poor cognitive functioning in elderlies and impairments in brain structure. Using MRI and voxel-based morphometry (VBM), we assessed regional white matter (WM) volumes in a population-based sample of individuals aged 65-75 years ( = 156), subdivided in three CVR subgroups using the Framingham Risk Score. Cognition was assessed using the Short Cognitive Performance Test.

Marginal and internal fit of CAD-CAM-fabricated composite resin and ceramic crowns scanned by 2 intraoral cameras.

Statement Of Problem: The precision of fit of chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) complete crowns is affected by digital impression and restorative material.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate by microcomputed tomography (μCT) the marginal and internal adaptation of composite resin and ceramic complete crowns fabricated with 2 different intraoral cameras and 2 restorative materials.

Material And Methods: Ten extracted human third molars received crown preparations.

Clinical, hematological and genetic data of a cohort of children with hemoglobin SD.

Introduction: The hemoglobin FSD is very uncommon in newborn screening programs for sickle cell disease. In the program of Minas Gerais, Brazil, the clinical course of children with hemoglobin SD was observed to be heterogeneous. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence (1999-2012) and to describe the natural history of a cohort of newborns with hemoglobin SD.

Glenohumeral range of motion in handball players with and without throwing-related shoulder pain.

Background: Overhead athletes are subject to adaptations in the shoulder including glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD). It has been documented that this alteration is more evident in overhead athletes with pain. Our objective was to compare glenohumeral rotation motion between symptomatic and asymptomatic handball players.

Sigmoid sinus thrombosis associated to chronic otitis media.

Unlabelled: Otogenous lateral sinus thrombosis (OLST) is a rare disease and presents a controversial treatment.

Aim: Clinical aspects and treatment were reported based on our experience.

Methods: Retrospective study.

A new xylanase from a Trichoderma harzianum strain.

A new xylanase (XYL2) was purified from solid-state cultures of Trichoderma harzianum strain C by ultrafiltration and gel filtration. SDS-PAGE of the xylanase showed an apparent homogeneity and molecular weight of 18 kDa. It had the highest activity at pH 5.

Production of beta-xylosidase activity by Trichoderma harzianum strains.

Nine Trichoderma harzianum strains were screened for beta-xylosidase activity when grown in solid-state cultures on media containing wheat bran as the carbon source. All strains produced beta-xylosidase activity, the most active being in extracts of cultures of T. harzianum strain 4.