Prevalence of factor V Leiden, FII G20210A, FXIII Val34Leu and MTHFR C677T polymorphisms in cancer patients with and without venous thrombosis.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients with malignant disease. In addition to well-established acquired risk factors for VTE, several genetic risk factors, mainly related to the haemostatic system, are known to influence thrombotic risk. However, the contribution of gene abnormalities to thrombotic tendency in cancer patients remains poorly explored.

Agenesis of the gallbladder and cystic duct.

Agenesis of the gallbladder and cystic duct is a rare anomaly that is usually asymptomatic. The patient may present symptoms characteristic of cholelithiasis. Its surgical confirmation requires careful dissection of the common bile duct and intraoperative cholangiography or ultrasonography to be performed, to exclude the possibility of an ectopic gallbladder.