Botulinum toxin injection in long-standing facial paralysis patients: improvement of facial symmetry observed up to 6 months.

Background: Despite modern reanimation surgical techniques, facial paralysis presents with functional and aesthetic deficits. We evaluated facial symmetry after treating with botulinum toxin the healthy side of the face of 25 patients with long-standing facial paralysis who had previously been treated by surgical methods, with 6 months follow-up.

Methods: Evaluation consisted of a clinical score, the two subscales of the Facial Disability Index, and surface electromyography.

Combined tretinoin and glycolic acid treatment improves mouth opening for postburn patients.

Postburn tissue repair progresses late, with changes in the skin's physical properties. Clinically, the skin appears dry, scaly, and dyschromic, with diminished elasticity, particularly in the presence of hypertrophic scars. Improvement of postburn skin can be obtained by using topical agents normally used in pathologies such as acne and photoaging.