The Influence of Sex and Gender on the Level and Course of Subjective Cognitive Complaints After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: Cognitive complaints (e.g., health anxiety and illness disruption) are commonly experienced by patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Psychosocial distress and health status as risk factors for ten-year major adverse cardiac events and mortality in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease.

Background: We examined the risk of psychosocial distress, including Type D personality, depressive symptoms, anxiety, positive mood, hostility, and health status fatigue and disease specific and generic quality of life for MACE in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD).

Methods: In the Tweesteden mild stenosis (TWIST) study, 546 patients with NOCAD were followed for 10 years to examine the occurrence of cardiac mortality, a major cardiac event, or non-cardiac mortality in the absence of a cardiac event. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the impact of psychosocial distress and health status on the occurrence of MACE while adjusting for age, sex, disease severity, and lifestyle covariates.

Clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) and obstructive coronary artery disease.

Study Objective: Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is caused by vascular dysfunctions and predominantly seen in women. For better recognition and prevention more insight is needed on risk factors and well-being. We aimed to explore differences in psychological distress, quality of life, risk factors, and medication use between women with INOCA and obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).

The role of sex and gender in somatic complaints among patients with coronary heart disease: A longitudinal study on acute and long-term changes.

Background: Somatic complaints are persistently reported in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Sex and gender influence health and well-being in a variety of ways, but it is unknown how they affect somatic complaints over time after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, we examined the association between sex and gender on somatic health complaints during the first month (acute) and the first two years (recovery) after PCI.

Gender roles and gender norms associated with psychological distress in women and men among the Dutch general population.

Women report more psychological distress than men, which may be related to both biological sex and socio-cultural gender. We tested whether associations between gender and distress differ for women and men. The cross-sectional sample consisted of 678 Dutch people (54% women).

Sex and Gender Differences in Psychosocial Risk Profiles Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease - the THORESCI-Gender Study.

Background: Psychosocial factors tend to cluster and exhibit differences associated with sex assigned at birth. Gender disparities, though, remain uncharted so far. The current study aimed to first explore the clustering of eight established psychosocial risk factors among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), followed by examining how sex and gender differences characterize these psychosocial risk profiles, while adjusting for the effect of age.

Psychosocial factors may serve as additional eligibility criteria for cardiovascular risk screening in women and men in a multi-ethnic population: The HELIUS study.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention strategies include identifying and managing high risk individuals. Identification primarily occurs through screening or case finding. Guidelines indicate that psychosocial factors increase CVD risk, but their use for screening is not yet recommended.

A Network Analysis of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Heart Disease: The Role of Socioeconomic Status and Sex.

Objective: Diverse risk factors influence the development and prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) independently and mutually. Low socioeconomic status (SES) seems to exacerbate these risk factors' influences. In addition, sex differences have been identified for individual risk factors.

ShareHeart: A patient journey map of patients with ischemia and non-obstructive coronary artery disease based on qualitative research.

Aims And Objectives: To visualise the health care experiences and needs of patients with ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries in a patient journey map. As such, future design challenges can be provided, and it can be used for future healthcare optimization.

Background: Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries is a chronic cardiac condition caused by vascular dysfunctions.

Facial Emotion Expression and the Inducibility of Myocardial Ischemia During Cardiac Stress Testing: The Role of Psychological Background Factors.

Objective: Negative emotional states, such as anger and anxiety, are associated with the onset of myocardial infarction and other acute clinical manifestations of ischemic heart disease. The likelihood of experiencing these short-term negative emotions has been associated with long-term psychological background factors such as depression, generalized anxiety, and personality factors. We examined the association of acute emotional states preceding cardiac stress testing (CST) with inducibility of myocardial ischemia and to what extent psychological background factors account for this association.

Facial Expressions of Emotions During Pharmacological and Exercise Stress Testing: the Role of Myocardial Ischemia and Cardiac Symptoms.

Background: Negative emotions have been linked to ischemic heart disease, but existing research typically involves self-report methods and little is known about non-verbal facial emotion expression. The role of ischemia and anginal symptoms in emotion expression was examined.

Methods: Patients undergoing cardiac stress testing (CST) using bicycle exercise or adenosine with myocardial perfusion imaging were included (N = 256, mean age 66.

Psychological factors of suspect coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients undergoing SPECT imaging.

Background: Patients with myocardial ischemia in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) often experience anginal complaints and are at risk of cardiac events. Stress-related psychological factors and acute negative emotions might play a role in these patients with suspect coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD).

Methods And Results: 295 Patients (66.

Psychological and clinical characteristics of patients with spontaneous coronary artery dissection: A case-control study.

Background: The relative frequency of psychological factors in patients with spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) compared to patients with traditional atherosclerosis-related type 1 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unknown. This study examines whether psychological factors and emotional or physical precipitants are more common in SCAD patients versus atherosclerosis-related ACS patients.

Methods: Participants with SCAD were recruited from a Dutch SCAD database.

Cancer comorbidity in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease: Depressive symptoms related to C-reactive protein.

Background: Based on guidelines for cardiovascular risk assessment among non-cancer populations, depression and anxiety can be seen as risk factors for CVD, on top of cardiotoxic cancer treatment and traditional CVD risk factors among cancer survivors. Increased inflammation can be a shared potential pathophysiological mechanism, as higher levels of inflammation (like C-reactive protein, CRP) are known associates of depression and anxiety. In turn, increased inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs.

Anxiety and hemodynamic reactivity during cardiac stress testing: The role of gender and age in myocardial ischemia.

Background: The prevalence of myocardial ischemia is associated with anxiety. State and trait anxiety are more common in younger women compared to men, and high anxiety levels could affect hemodynamic reactivity during cardiac stress testing. The aim is to examine whether anxiety plays a role in gender differences in patients ≤ 65 and > 65 years in hemodynamic reactivity and ischemia during cardiac stress testing.

Sex and gender-stratified risks of psychological factors for adverse clinical outcomes in patients with ischemic heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Psychological factors are associated with adverse prognosis in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). However, it is unknown whether these risk factors differ between women and men.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched to identify studies assessing the risk of psychological factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in samples with IHD.

Gender differences in associations of depressive symptoms and anxiety with inflammatory markers in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine gender differences of the associations between depressive symptoms and anxiety with inflammatory markers in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD).

Methods: Depressive symptoms and anxiety (Beck Depression Inventory BDI and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS) were examined in 524 patients with NOCAD (52% women, mean age 64 ± 9 years) as part of the TweeSteden Mild Stenosis (TWIST) observational cohort study. Blood samples were analyzed for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and leukocyte differentiation.

Sex- and Gender-Stratified Risks of Psychological Factors for Incident Ischemic Heart Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background Psychological factors are associated with an increased risk of developing ischemic heart disease ( IHD ). Women more often report psychological factors, and sex and gender differences are present in IHD . In this meta-analysis we examine the risks of psychological factors for IHD incidence in women and men.

[Gender differences in psychological complaints in ischemic heart diseases].

Psychological symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, and stress, are a risk factor for the development as well as aggravation of ischaemic heart diseases (IHD). Although women report more psychological symptoms than men, research into gender differences regarding cardiac risk of psychological symptoms is limited. Cardiology studies focus predominantly on the classic pattern of obstructive coronary artery disease, which is three times more prevalent in men than in women.

Type D personality and social relations in adults with diabetes: results from diabetes MILES - The Netherlands.

Objective: To examine whether individual differences in Type D personality (combination of negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI)) could explain heterogeneity in perceived social support and relationship adjustment (intimate partner relationship) among people living with diabetes.

Design: In the Diabetes MILES-The Netherlands survey, 621 adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (54% female, age: 56 ± 14 years) completed measures of Type D personality (DS14), perceived social support and relationship adjustment. We used established DS14 cut-off scores to indicate Type D personality, high NA only, high SI only and reference groups.

Latent profiles of early trauma & Type D personality: sex differences in cardiovascular risk markers.

Background: Both adverse early life-events and distressed personality are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. As there is an important link between these psychological factors, we investigated how these might cluster in sex-specific psychological profiles. We further examined the association of these profiles with cardiovascular risk markers.

Predictive value of Type D personality for impaired endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.

Background: Type D personality (high negative affectivity and social inhibition) is associated with cardiovascular events and coronary plaque severity. Whether Type D is also related to functional vasomotion abnormalities is unknown. We examined concurrent and predictive associations of Type D with endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

The predictive value of positive affect and Type D personality for adverse cardiovascular clinical outcomes in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease.

Background: Patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD) continue to experience disabling symptoms. Positive affect (PA) has shown a cardioprotective potential. Type D personality has previously been shown to have a deleterious effect on adverse outcomes in diverse cardiac populations.

Impaired Health Status, Psychological Distress, and Personality in Women and Men With Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease: Sex and Gender Differences: The TWIST (Tweesteden Mild Stenosis) Study.

Background: Patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD; wall irregularities, stenosis <60%), and women with NOCAD in particular, remain underinvestigated. We examined sex and gender (S&G) differences in health status, psychological distress, and personality between patients with NOCAD and the general population, as well as S&G differences within the NOCAD population.

Methods And Results: In total, 523 patients with NOCAD (61±9 years, 52% women) were included via coronary angiography and computed tomography as part of the TWIST (Tweesteden Mild Stenosis) study.