Publications by authors named "Paula James"

The history of hemophilia is well-documented, yet reports focus heavily on the male-perspective and severe forms of the disease. Although hemophilia was initially believed to only affect men with women seen as silent carriers, it is now universally acknowledged that women and girls can also be affected. In this narrative review, we track the progression of beliefs about women and hemophilia as documented in the literature from pre-1800's to the present time.

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Article Synopsis
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) significantly impacts quality of life, and many affected individuals receive inadequate management from healthcare providers.
  • This systematic review analyzed various studies to determine the prevalence of HMB causes and the effectiveness of diagnostic methods, focusing on premenopausal patients.
  • Findings revealed that bleeding disorders are common in HMB cases, particularly in adolescents, emphasizing the need for thorough investigation based on age and underlying conditions.
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Introduction: Treatment options are expanding for von Willebrand disease (VWD). A core outcome set (COS)-a minimum set of agreed-upon outcomes to be used in every clinical trial for a given condition-provides guidance on which outcomes are most important to measure to ensure necessary data is collected for a variety of stakeholders and enable comparison across products and trials.

Aim: coreVWD aimed to develop a COS for trials for prophylaxis and perioperative treatments for VWD.

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Introduction: One of the many challenges in diagnosing bleeding disorders is distinguishing between normal and abnormal bleeding symptoms. Letstalkperiod.ca is an educational website that includes an online self-administered bleeding assessment tool (Self-BAT) which is a validated screening tool that enables patients to independently determine their bleeding scores (BS).

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Background: Bleeding disorder of unknown cause (BDUC) is a diagnostic category encompassing patients with a clear bleeding phenotype but without identifiable abnormality on hemostatic testing. The optimal management of hemostasis in BDUC patients prior to invasive procedures and childbirth is uncertain.

Objectives: Our objective was to characterize periprocedural hemostatic prophylaxis and bleeding outcomes in patients with BDUC.

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Background: While bleeding around pregnancy is well described in von Willebrand disease (VWD), the risk of pregnancy loss is less certain.

Objectives: We aimed to describe the frequency of pregnancy loss in females with VWD compared with those with a similar mucocutaneous bleeding phenotype and no VWD or compared with nonbleeding disorder controls.

Methods: Female patients were consecutively approached in 8 specialty bleeding disorder clinics between 2014 and 2023.

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Introduction: It is widely acknowledged that haemophilia affects women and girls, yet current testing recommendations for factor level and genetic testing vary and do not universally incorporate updated research. Canadian parents have expressed frustration at inconsistent recommendations and reported instances where delayed testing led to missed diagnosis and preventable bleeding.

Aim: Study aim was to explore and describe the practice of haemophilia-related testing of young girls in Canada.

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von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder. The disorder is characterized by excessive mucocutaneous bleeding. The most common bleeding manifestations of this condition include nosebleeds, bruising, bleeding from minor wounds, menorrhagia or postpartum bleeding in women as well as bleeding after surgery.

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Article Synopsis
  • Females with von Willebrand disease (VWD) face a greater risk of excessive bleeding during childbirth compared to those without the condition, and there is limited information on managing this risk.
  • This study evaluated the use of plasma-derived von Willebrand factor/FVIII (wilate) for preventing excessive bleeding during childbirth in women with VWD, analyzing data from two clinical studies.
  • Results showed that wilate effectively managed bleeding during delivery, with no excessive or postpartum bleeding reported, and only mild to moderate adverse events were observed, with no serious complications.
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In many patients referred with significant bleeding phenotype, laboratory testing fails to define any hemostatic abnormalities. Clinical practice with respect to diagnosis and management of this patient cohort poses significant clinical challenges. We recommend that bleeding history in these patients should be objectively assessed using the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) bleeding assessment tool.

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Manuscript Background And Aim: The diagnosis and clinical care of patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) has continued to evolve since the characterization of the von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene in 1985. This condition is almost certainly the most common inherited bleeding disorder, and the major symptomatic burden of the disease is experienced by females during their reproductive years. Diagnosis relies on the identification of a personal and family history of excessive mucocutaneous bleeding, and laboratory features consistent with quantitative and/or qualitative abnormalities of VWF.

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  • There is ongoing debate about the definition of type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD), with previous guidelines suggesting that VWF levels <30 IU/dL indicate type 1 VWD and levels between 30 to 50 IU/dL signify low VWF.
  • A study combining data from two national cohorts found that while nearly half of type 1 VWD patients had VWF levels <30 IU/dL, a significant number showed increases to low or normal levels with age.
  • The analysis indicates that low VWF is not a separate condition but part of the evolving phenotype of age-dependent type 1 VWD, suggesting a need to reconsider current classification criteria for the disease.
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Background: As knowledge of the human genome has advanced, so too has the recognition that interpretation of the pathogenic nature of sequence variants can be challenging. The von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene exhibits a significant degree of sequence variability, and the first VWF variant associated with type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD), c.4751 A>G, p.

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Innovation in therapies for patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) has lagged far behind that for hemophilia, creating inequity in the bleeding disorder community. Although currently existing treatments of antifibrinolytics, desmopressin, and plasma-derived von Willebrand factor replacement are considered effective, multiple studies report poor quality of life in patients with VWD, especially those with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). This disconnect underscores the need for novel therapies that are safe and effective and that consider a patient's specific contraceptive and reproductive needs.

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Article Synopsis
  • Women with uteruses can experience both normal menstruation and various forms of abnormal bleeding during their reproductive years.
  • Abnormal bleeding can happen during pregnancy or after childbirth due to issues like miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or problems with the placenta.
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding, defined as blood loss greater than 80 mL per cycle, is often linked to bleeding disorders and is distinct from other reproductive tract bleeding events.
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  • - Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder, yet individuals often face misdiagnosis and delays in receiving proper care, particularly affecting women due to stigmatized perceptions of vaginal bleeding.
  • - Patient-centered care is crucial in addressing these delays and dismissals, emphasizing the need for coordinated multidisciplinary approaches and improved patient education to empower individuals living with VWD.
  • - Significant work has been accomplished in VWD management, but further research and systemic changes, including increased funding and knowledge sharing, are essential to close the care gaps and improve outcomes for affected patients.
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Introduction: Severe aortic stenosis (AS) can lead to degradation of high molecular weight (HMW) von Willebrand factor (VWF) which can result in haemostatic abnormalities. While studies have explored changes in VWF profiles before and after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), the longer-term changes in VWF profiles pre- and post-transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are less understood.

Aim: Our primary objective was to identify differences in VWF multimer profiles and VWF function pre-TAVI and 1-month post-TAVI.

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Introduction: Severe and recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding caused by angiodysplasia is a significant problem in patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) and in those with acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS). At present, angiodysplasia-related GI bleeding is often refractory to standard treatment including replacement therapy with von Willebrand factor (VWF) concentrates and continues to remain a major challenge and cause of significant morbidity in patients despite advances in diagnostics and therapeutics.

Areas Covered: This paper reviews the available literature on GI bleeding in VWD patients, examines the molecular mechanisms implicated in angiodysplasia-related GI bleeding, and summarizes existing strategies in the management of bleeding GI angiodysplasia in patients with VWF abnormalities.

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Introduction: Recent guidelines for von Willebrand Disease (VWD) highlighted the challenges in diagnosis and management. Identifying the number of persons with VWD (PwVWD) internationally will help target support to aid diagnosis of PwVWD.

Aim: To examine international registration rates of PwVWD, the influence of income status, geographical region and the age and sex profile.

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Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) affects a significant number of women with bleeding disorders and has a negative impact on their quality of life.

Objective: This retrospective study examined the management of patients with inherited bleeding disorders who used medical treatments, alone or in combination, for HMB.

Methods: Chart review was performed on women attending the Women with Bleeding Disorders Clinic in Kingston, Ontario, between 2005 and 2017.

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Background: Women with inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs) are at an increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). However, the impact of other maternal predelivery risk factors, including anemia, on the association between IBD and maternal bleeding remains poorly understood. Additionally, studies examining potential pathways linking IBD and PPH are limited.

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Although von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder, its diagnosis and management are often challenging. Clinical practice guidelines, developed through systematic review of the medical literature and considering the best available evidence, provide guidance for common clinical scenarios. However, in the clinical setting, patients often present with characteristics and nuances that may fall outside the realm of available evidence and guidelines, and hence, shared decision-making will be essential in the evaluation and management of these patients.

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Background: Bleeding assessment tools are key screening tests used in the evaluation of patients with suspected inherited bleeding disorders. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis-Scientific and Standardization Committee endorsed Bleeding Assessment Tool (ISTH-BAT) has differing reference ranges for adult males (0-3), adult females (0-5), and children (0-2), reflecting differing bleeding symptoms and exposure to hemostatic challenges in these healthy population subgroups. Age is known to markedly impact bleeding score in individuals with von Willebrand disease.

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