The risk of thyroid cancer in relation to residential proximity to nuclear power plants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Ionizing radiation is a human carcinogen, and there is a public concern but limited evidence that it increases the incidence of cancer among those who live near nuclear power plants (NPPs). Previous analyses of thyroid cancer in these populations have been inconsistent, and the last synthesis was published nearly a decade ago. To address these gaps, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and early-onset female breast cancer in a case-control study in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of toxicologically important and understudied air pollutants. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that chronic exposure to PAHs increases breast cancer risk; however, there are few studies in nonoccupational settings that focus on early-onset diagnoses.

Methods: The relationship between residentially-based ambient PAH concentrations and female breast cancer, among those 18-45 years of age, was characterized in the Ontario Environment and Health Study (OEHS).

Sex differences in the inflammation-depression link: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous disorder that affects twice as many women than men. Precluding advances in more tailored and efficacious treatments for depression is the lack of reliable biomarkers. While depression is linked to elevations in inflammatory immune system functioning, this relationship is not evident among all individuals with depression and may vary based on symptom subtypes and/or sex.

Residential exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) and incident breast cancer among young women in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Air pollution has been classified as a human carcinogen based largely on findings for respiratory cancers. Emerging, but limited, evidence suggests that it increases the risk of breast cancer, particularly among younger women. We characterized associations between residential exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) and breast cancer.

Mental health is positively associated with biodiversity in Canadian cities.

Cities concentrate problems that affect human well-being and biodiversity. Exploring the link between mental health and biodiversity can inform more holistic public health and urban planning. Here we examined associations between bird and tree species diversity estimates from eBird community science datasets and national forest inventories with self-rated mental health metrics from the Canadian Community Health Survey.

Associations between paediatric obesity, chemical mixtures and environmental factors, in a national cross-sectional study of Canadian children.

Background: Whilst single chemical exposures are suspected to be obesogenic, the combined role of chemical mixtures in paediatric obesity is not well understood.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the potential associations between chemical mixtures and obesity in a population-based sample of Canadian children.

Methods: We ascertained biomonitoring and health data for children aged 3-11 from the cross-sectional Canadian Health Measures Survey from 2007 to 2019.

A cohort study of the multipollutant effects of PM, NO, and O on C-reactive protein levels during pregnancy.

Background: PM NO, and O contribute to the development of adverse pregnancy complications. While studies have investigated the independent effects of these exposures, literature on their combined effects is limited. Our objective was to study the multipollutant effects of PM, NO, and O on maternal systemic C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

Updated Analysis of Radon Exposure and Lung Cancer Mortality in the Cohort of Newfoundland Fluorspar Miners (1950-2016).

The commercial mining of fluorspar in St. Lawrence Newfoundland began in 1933. Miners who worked underground were exposed to high levels of radon progeny, especially before ventilation was introduced into the mines in 1960.

Incident Functional Limitations Among Older Adults With Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Prospective Data From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were 1) to examine and compare changes in functional limitations during the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults with and without diabetes; and 2): to identify key risk factors associated with developing functional limitations among older adults with and without diabetes during the pandemic.

Methods: We analyzed data collected from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. The analysis was restricted to those with no functional limitations in the follow-up 1 wave (2015 to 2018) (final sample N=6,045).

Early life exposure to pollens and increased risks of childhood asthma: a prospective cohort study in Ontario children.

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Ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and breast cancer risk in a population-based Canadian case-control study.

Purpose: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent a class of ubiquitous pollutants recognized as established human carcinogens and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. PAHs have seldom been modeled at the population-level in epidemiological studies. Fluoranthene is a prevalent PAH in urban settings and correlates with the occurrence of other PAHs.

Residential surrounding greenness and the incidence of childhood asthma: Findings from a population-based cohort in Ontario, Canada.

Several epidemiological studies have investigated the possible role that living in areas with greater amounts of greenspace has on the incidence of childhood asthma. These findings have been inconsistent, and few studies explored the relevance of timing of exposure. We investigated the role of residential surrounding greenness on the risk of incident asthma using a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Neighborhood greenness and participation in specific types of recreational physical activities in the Sister Study.

Background: Urban green spaces have been consistently shown to have important human health benefits across a range of outcomes. These benefits are thought to be achieved, in part, because urban greenness provides opportunities for participation in recreational activity. However, the findings from studies that have assessed links between exposure to greenness and physical activity have been mixed.

Global, regional and national burdens of non-melanoma skin cancer attributable to occupational exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation for 183 countries, 2000-2019: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury.

Background: A World Health Organization (WHO) and International Labour Organization (ILO) systematic review reported sufficient evidence for higher risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) amongst people occupationally exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). This article presents WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of global, regional, national and subnational occupational exposures to UVR for 195 countries/areas and the global, regional and national attributable burdens of NMSC for 183 countries, by sex and age group, for the years 2000, 2010 and 2019.

Methods: We calculated population-attributable fractions (PAFs) from estimates of the population occupationally exposed to UVR and the risk ratio for NMSC from the WHO/ILO systematic review.

Exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and pediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are potentially obesogenic for children. We undertook a systematic review to synthesize this literature and explore sources of heterogeneity in previously published epidemiological studies.

Methods: Studies that collected individual-level PFAS and anthropometric data from children up to 12 years of age were identified by searching six databases.

Exposure to low-dose radiation in occupational settings and ischaemic heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ionising radiation is a human carcinogen, but the evidence is less clear that exposure to low-dose ionising radiation (LDIR) increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We synthesised the literature of chronic occupational exposure to LDIR and cardiovascular disease, particularly for ischaemic heart disease (IHD).The literature search was conducted using three databases including studies published between 1990 and 2022.

Myocarditis and Pericarditis Post-mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination: Insights from a Pharmacovigilance Perspective.

Concerns remain regarding the rare cardiovascular adverse events, myocarditis and pericarditis (myo/pericarditis), particularly in younger individuals following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. Our study aimed to comprehensively assess potential safety signals related to these cardiac events following the primary and booster doses, with a specific focus on younger populations, including children as young as 6 months of age. Using the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS), the United States national passive surveillance system, we conducted a retrospective pharmacovigilance study analyzing spontaneous reports of myo/pericarditis.

Risk of myocarditis and pericarditis in mRNA COVID-19-vaccinated and unvaccinated populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To summarise the available evidence on the risk of myocarditis and/or pericarditis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, compared with the risk among unvaccinated individuals in the absence of COVID-19 infection.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science and WHO Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease), preprint repositories (medRxiv and bioRxiv), reference lists and grey literature were searched from 1 December 2020 until 31 October 2022.