Caregiver burden is increased in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI).

Background: There is limited evidence on caregiver outcomes associated with mild cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD-MCI) and the coping strategies used by these caregivers.

Methods: To investigate this relationship, we examined levels of burden, depression, anxiety, coping strategies and positive aspects of caregiving in the informal caregivers of 96 PD patients. The PD patients were classified using MDS-Task Force Level II criteria as showing either normal cognition (PD-N;  = 51), PD-MCI ( = 30) or with dementia (PDD;  = 15).

A note on Cohen's overlapping proportions of normal distributions.

Social scientists are often interested in computing the proportion of overlap and nonoverlap between two normal distributions that are separated by some magnitude. In his popular book, Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (1988, 2nd ed.), Jacob Cohen provided a table (Table 2.

Toward a brighter future for psychology as an observation oriented science.

Serious criticisms of psychology's research practices and data analysis methods date back to at least the mid-1900s after the Galtonian school of thought had thoroughly triumphed over the Wundtian school. In the wake of Bem's (2011) recent, highly publicized study on psi phenomena in a prestigious journal, psychologists are again raising serious questions about their dominant research script. These concerns are echoed in the current paper, and Observation Oriented Modeling (OOM) is presented as an alternative approach toward data conceptualization and analysis for the social and life sciences.