A history of the Society of Urologic Oncology.

This narrative of the history of the Society of Urologic Oncology (SUO) presents the story of the founding and development of this organization and the creation and establishment of its initiatives and programs. It includes a description of how "Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations" came to be designated as its "official journal", thus commemorating the anniversary of the Journal's twenty-five years of publication.

Open Label Phase II Study of Enzalutamide With Concurrent Administration of Radium 223 Dichloride in Patients With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Background: Numerous globally approved castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) therapies are available. Enzalutamide and radium 223 (Ra 223) are approved for survival prolongation and ability to delay radiographic progression. Both have markedly different mechanisms of action as well as safety and tolerability profiles.

Survival of African-American and Caucasian men after sipuleucel-T immunotherapy: outcomes from the PROCEED registry.

Purpose: African Americans experience greater prostate cancer risk and mortality than do Caucasians. An analysis of pooled phase III data suggested differences in overall survival (OS) between African American and Caucasian men receiving sipuleucel-T. We explored this in PROCEED (NCT01306890), an FDA-requested registry in over 1900 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with sipuleucel-T.

Androgen Receptor Targeted Treatments of Prostate Cancer: 35 Years of Progress with Antiandrogens.

Purpose: Antiandrogens inhibit the androgen receptor and have an important role in the treatment of prostate cancer. This review provides a historical perspective on the development and clinical benefit of antiandrogens in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed® for clinical trials with the search terms antiandrogens and prostate cancer combined with drug names for antiandrogens.

A Urologist's Personal View of Prostate Cancer.

A urologist's personal experience with multiple surgical, hormonal, and radio/immunotherapeutic options for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer and thoughts on the role of old and new therapies.

The clinical and economic implications of specimen provenance complications in diagnostic prostate biopsies.

Purpose: Inaccurate diagnoses of prostate cancer can result from transposition or contamination of patient biopsy specimens, which are known as specimen provenance complications. We assessed the clinical and economic burden of specimen provenance complications in prostate biopsies in the United States.

Materials And Methods: We performed a comprehensive, systematic review of the literature to approximate the effect of specimen provenance complications on direct medical costs, patient QALYs and medicolegal costs.

Might men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer benefit from definitive treatment of the primary tumor? A SEER-based study.

Background: Few data exist regarding the impact on survival of definitive treatment of the prostate in men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa).

Objective: To evaluate the survival of men diagnosed with mPCa based on definitive treatment of the prostate.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Men with documented stage IV (M1a-c) PCa at diagnosis identified using Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) (2004-2010) and divided based on definitive treatment of the prostate (radical prostatectomy [RP] or brachytherapy [BT]) or no surgery or radiation therapy (NSR).

Quality of life after sipuleucel-T therapy: results from a randomized, double-blind study in patients with androgen-dependent prostate cancer.

Objective: To collect and analyze quality-of-life (QOL) data from PROvenge Treatment and Early Cancer Treatment trial (PROTECT, NCT00779402), a phase III, randomized controlled trial of sipuleucel-T in patients with asymptomatic androgen-dependent prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients experiencing prostate-specific antigen relapse after radical prostatectomy entered a 3- to 4-month run-in phase of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), followed by 2:1 randomization to sipuleucel-T or control. QOL was assessed throughout the run-in and 26-week post-randomization phases using the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Linear Analog Self-Assessment (LASA) scale, Global Rating of Change (GRoC) scale, and an elicited symptoms list.

Lower baseline prostate-specific antigen is associated with a greater overall survival benefit from sipuleucel-T in the Immunotherapy for Prostate Adenocarcinoma Treatment (IMPACT) trial.

Objective: To explore the prognostic and predictive value of baseline variables in 512 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer from the phase III Immunotherapy for Prostate Adenocarcinoma Treatment (IMPACT) trial who were randomized to receive sipuleucel-T or control.

Methods: The most powerful of these prognostic factors, baseline prostate-specific antigen (PSA), was subdivided into quartiles to evaluate treatment effect patterns. Cox regression analyses were used to assess predictors of overall survival (OS) and sipuleucel-T treatment effect within PSA quartiles.

Intermittent versus continuous androgen deprivation in prostate cancer.

Background: Castration resistance occurs in most patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer who are receiving androgen-deprivation therapy. Replacing androgens before progression of the disease is hypothesized to prolong androgen dependence.

Methods: Men with newly diagnosed, metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, a performance status of 0 to 2, and a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of 5 ng per milliliter or higher received a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue and an antiandrogen agent for 7 months.

Optimization of initial prostate biopsy in clinical practice: sampling, labeling and specimen processing.

Purpose: An optimal prostate biopsy in clinical practice is based on a balance among adequate detection of clinically significant prostate cancers (sensitivity), assuredness regarding the accuracy of negative sampling (negative predictive value), limited detection of clinically insignificant cancers and good concordance with whole gland surgical pathology results to allow accurate risk stratification and disease localization for treatment selection. Inherent within this optimization is variation of the core number, location, labeling and processing for pathological evaluation. To date, there is no consensus in this regard.

Intermittent androgen suppression for rising PSA level after radiotherapy.

Background: Intermittent androgen deprivation for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) elevation after radiotherapy may improve quality of life and delay hormone resistance. We assessed overall survival with intermittent versus continuous androgen deprivation in a noninferiority randomized trial.

Methods: We enrolled patients with a PSA level greater than 3 ng per milliliter more than 1 year after primary or salvage radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer.

Life after failure of traditional androgen deprivation therapy.

Castrate resistant prostate cancer is a disease state which, counterintuitively, can be successfully treated with additional therapy directed at inhibition of androgen synthesis and/or interfering with the activity of the androgen receptor. Novel androgen biosynthesis inhibitors and antiandrogens are now being tested in large phase 3 clinical trials to clarify their role in the treatment of men who have failed traditional medical castration, with or without currently available nonsteroidal antiandrogens. A renewed interest in studying parenteral delivery of estrogens may provide evidence to revisit the initial medical therapy for advancing prostate cancer.

Treatment options for localized prostate cancer.

In the United States, more than 90 percent of prostate cancers are detected by serum prostate-specific antigen testing. Most patients are found to have localized prostate cancer, and most of these patients undergo surgery or radiotherapy. However, many patients have low-risk cancer and can follow an active surveillance protocol instead of undergoing invasive treatments.

Randomized trial of autologous cellular immunotherapy with sipuleucel-T in androgen-dependent prostate cancer.

Purpose: Sipuleucel-T, an autologous cellular immunotherapy, was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial to determine its biologic activity in androgen-dependent prostate cancer (ADPC).

Experimental Design: Patients with prostate cancer detectable by serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) following radical prostatectomy received 3 to 4 months of androgen suppression therapy, and were then randomized (2:1) to receive sipuleucel-T (n = 117) or control (n = 59). The primary endpoint was time to biochemical failure (BF) defined as serum PSA ≥ 3.