Speciation of Phosphorus in Pet Foods by Solid-State P-MAS-NMR Spectroscopy.

Solid-state magic angle spinning P NMR spectroscopy is used to identify and quantify phosphorus-containing species in pet foods. The measurement is challenging due to the long spin-lattice relaxation times (s). Data acquisition times are shortened by acquiring data with a tip angle smaller than 90° and shortening the repetition time.

A Randomized, Two-Way Crossover Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics of Caffeine Delivered Using Caffeinated Chewing Gum Versus a Marketed Caffeinated Beverage in Healthy Adult Volunteers.

This study was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetics of caffeine delivered using caffeinated chewing gum to that delivered using a marketed caffeinated beverage (instant coffee) in 16 healthy adult volunteers. This was a controlled open-label, randomized, two-period crossover study. Caffeinated chewing gum and a serving of instant coffee, each containing ∼50 mg caffeine, were administered with blood samples collected before and up to 24 hours after administration starts.