Change in Grip and Pinch Strength Over the Course of a Game in Professional Baseball Pitchers.

Background: Baseball pitching injuries can be related to fatigue. Changes in grip and pinch strength over the course of professional baseball games are unknown.

Hypothesis: Grip and pinch strength will decrease as the number of innings pitched increases; injured pitchers will have a lower grip strength than uninjured pitchers.

Characteristics of Children, Youth, and Young Adults With Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in New Zealand Aotearoa.

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among children, youth, and young adults is increasing, yet limited information is known about the characteristics and management of these groups with Type 1 (T1D) and Type 2 (T2D) diabetes in primary care. The aim of the study is to explore the characteristics of people with T1D and T2D aged < 25 years across the Auckland and Waikato regions of New Zealand. : Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from electronic primary care records (February 2021-July 2022) of four primary healthcare organisations, with medication data sourced from the National Pharmaceutical dataset.

Effects of elicitors on plant host selection by adult Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

The Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, is the principal defoliator of potato crops globally. It is well known for its propensity to rapidly develop resistance. Thus, new control options which are resilient to the pest's resistance capabilities are a critical need.

Psychological distress in Aotearoa New Zealand adults with type 1 diabetes.

The psychological burden of type 1 diabetes (T1D) can negatively impact health outcomes. This study evaluates the prevalence of low mood (WHO-5), disordered eating (DEPS-R), diabetes distress (PAID) and fear of hypoglycaemia (HFS-II), in a sample of 250 New Zealand adults (8.4% Māori/91.

Rates of Reporting and Analyzing Race and Ethnicity in Athlete-Specific Sports Medicine Research: A Systematic Review.

Background: Race- and ethnicity-based differences in treatment access and outcomes have been reported in the orthopaedic sports medicine literature. However, the rate at which race and ethnicity are reported and incorporated into the statistical analysis of sports medicine studies remains unclear.

Purpose: To determine the rate at which race and ethnicity are reported and analyzed in athlete-specific sports medicine literature.

Quantitative Measurement of Cooperative Binding in Partially Dissociated Water Dimers at the Hematite "R-Cut" Surface.

Water-solid interfaces pervade the natural environment and modern technology. On some surfaces, water-water interactions induce the formation of partially dissociated interfacial layers; understanding why is important to model processes in catalysis or mineralogy. The complexity of the partially dissociated structures often makes it difficult to probe them quantitatively.

Validation of the Lift-Off Screw Technique in Patients Undergoing Corrective Osteotomy for Malunited Distal Radius Fractures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the clinical accuracy of the lift-off screw (LOS) technique for volar tilt correction (VTC) in patients undergoing corrective osteotomy for dorsally angulated distal radius fracture malunions.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 23 patients with dorsally angulated distal radius fracture malunions treated with corrective osteotomy using the LOS technique. The LOS equation L = [tan(T) ∗ L + C]/[cos(⍬)] and standardized intraoperative fluoroscopic images were used to determine and compare the calculated and clinical VTC and final volar tilt.

Automated Insulin Delivery for Young People with Type 1 Diabetes and Elevated A1c.

Background: Automated insulin delivery is the treatment of choice in adults with type 1 diabetes. Data are needed on the efficacy and safety of automated insulin delivery for children and youth with diabetes and elevated glycated hemoglobin levels.

Methods: In this multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial, we assigned patients with type 1 diabetes in a 1:1 ratio either to use an automated insulin delivery system (MiniMed 780G) or to receive usual diabetes care of multiple daily injections or non--automated pump therapy (control).

General practitioner and nurse experiences of type 2 diabetes management and prescribing in primary care: a qualitative review following the introduction of funded SGLT2i/GLP1RA medications in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Aim: To explore the views of general practitioners (GPs) and nurses on type 2 diabetes (T2D) management, including the use of recently funded T2D medications in New Zealand (NZ) and their perceived barriers to providing optimal care.

Background: T2D is a significant health concern in NZ, particularly among Māori and Pacific adults. Characterised by prolonged hyperglycaemia, T2D is generally a progressive condition requiring long-term care.

Biophysical characterization of synthetic adhesins for predicting and tuning engineered living material properties.

Bacterial synthetic multicellular systems are promising platforms for engineered living materials (ELMs) for medical, biosynthesis, environmental, and smart materials applications. Recent advancements in genetically encoded adhesion toolkits have enabled precise manipulation of cell-cell adhesion and the design and patterning of self-assembled multicellular materials. However, in contrast to gene regulation in synthetic biology, the characterization and control of synthetic adhesins remains limited.

The effects of social determinants of health on rotator cuff repair utilization and outcomes: a systematic review.

Background: Since various social determinants of health (SDOH) have the potential to impact the utilization and postoperative outcomes of rotator cuff repair (RCR), a review of the literature is warranted. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of SDOH on RCR utilization and postoperative outcomes in order to recognize external factors that may influence patients' access to RCR and optimal clinical outcomes.

Methods: Search terms related to RCR, utilization, outcomes, and SDOH were used to identify studies that reported associations between any SDOH (as defined by the World Health Organization) and RCR utilization, access, cost, or postoperative outcomes.

A meta-analysis comparing complications of anterior versus dorsal osteotomy and plating for distal radial malunions.

This systematic review and meta-analysis compare the incidences of complications, reoperations and hardware removal between anterior and dorsal plating after corrective osteotomy for dorsally angulated distal radial malunions. A total of 403 patients were included; 253 patients underwent anterior corrective osteotomy and 150 underwent dorsal corrective osteotomy. Mean follow-up was 30 months.

Predictors of Patient-Reported Outcomes After Hyaluronic Acid Injections: Effect of Expectations and Psychological Stress.

Introduction: Hyaluronic acid (HA) injections are a common nonsurgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Patient expectations and psychological stress are believed to affect outcomes after orthopaedic procedures.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study seeking to identify factors predictive of greater patient-reported outcomes after HA injections, particularly expectations and psychological stress.

An Effective Fluorescent Marker for Tracking the Dispersal of Small Insects with Field Evidence of Mark-Release-Recapture of .

Understanding insect dispersal helps us predict the spread of insect pests and their natural enemies. Dispersal can be studied by marking, releasing, and recapturing insects, known as mark-release-recapture (MRR). MRR techniques should be convenient, economical, and persistent.

Silicon supplementation can reduce infestation by azalea lace bug-(Hemiptera: Tingidae).

The azalea lace bug (ALB), Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott) (Hemiptera: Tingidae), is a pest of azaleas and rhododendrons. The application of silicon (Si) to plants has been shown to accumulate in other plants and enhance defense to other plant pests. We evaluated whether Si applications decreased ALB infestation on rhododendron leaves and increased Si accumulation in leaves.

Emergent inequity of glycaemic metrics for Māori children with type 1 diabetes is negated by early use of continuous glucose monitoring.

Aim: We investigated if continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) within 12 months of being diagnosed modifies the development of glycaemic outcome inequity on the basis of either ethnicity or socio-economic status (SES).

Method: De-identified clinical and SES data from the KIWIDIAB data network were collected 12 months after diagnosis in children under 15 years diagnosed with T1D between 1 October 2020 and 1 October 2021.

Results: There were 206 children with new onset T1D: CGM use was 56.

Protocol for a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, open-label randomized controlled trial comparing standard care with Closed lOoP In chiLdren and yOuth with Type 1 diabetes and high-risk glycemic control: the CO-PILOT trial.

Purpose: Advanced hybrid closed loop (AHCL) systems have the potential to improve glycemia and reduce burden for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Children and youth, who are at particular risk for out-of-target glycemia, may have the most to gain from AHCL. However, no randomized controlled trial (RCT) specifically targeting this age group with very high HbA has previously been attempted.

Acceptability and experiences of real-time continuous glucose monitoring in adults with type 2 diabetes using insulin: a qualitative study.

Aims: To explore the lived experiences of initiating real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) use in individuals with type 2 diabetes using insulin.

Methods: Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted amongst individuals with type 2 diabetes taking insulin who were enrolled in the 2GO-CGM randomised controlled trial and had completed 3 months of rtCGM. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed to identify common themes regarding their experiences.

Association Between Preoperative Patient Resilience and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Rotator Cuff Repair.

Background: Mental and emotional health can affect outcomes after orthopaedic surgery, and patient resilience has been found to be significantly related to postoperative functional outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between preoperative patient resilience and 2-year postoperative patient-reported outcomes after rotator cuff repair (RCR). It was hypothesized that patients with low preoperative resilience will have worse patient-reported outcomes at 2 years after RCR versus those with high resilience.