Differential Impact of Fluid Shear Stress and YAP/TAZ on BMP/TGF-β Induced Osteogenic Target Genes.

Bone is a remarkable dynamic structure, which integrates mechanical and biochemical signaling inputs. Interstitial fluid in the intramedullary space transmits signals derived from compression-induced fluid shear stress (FSS) to stimulate osteoblasts for bone formation. Using a flow system and human osteoblasts, this study demonstrates how BMP/TGF-β  signaling integrates stimuli derived from FSS and YAP/TAZ and confirms these findings by transcriptome analyses.

Functional regulation of YAP mechanosensitive transcriptional coactivator by Focused Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (FLIPUS) enhances proliferation of murine mesenchymal precursors.

Yes-associated protein (YAP) acts as a mechanotransducer in determining the cell fate of murine C2C12 mesenchymal precursors as investigated after stimulation with ultrasound. We applied Focused Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (FLIPUS) at a sound frequency of 3.6 MHz, 100 Hz pulse repetition frequency (PRF), 27.

Activation of Mechanosensitive Transcription Factors in Murine C2C12 Mesenchymal Precursors by Focused Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (FLIPUS).

In this paper, we investigated the mechanoresponse of C2C12 mesenchymal precursor cells to focused low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (FLIPUS). The setup has been developed for in vitro stimulation of adherent cells in the defocused far field of the ultrasound propagating through the bottom of the well plate. Twenty-four-well tissue culture plates, carrying the cell monolayers, were incubated in a temperature-controlled water tank.

YAP-Mediated Mechanotransduction in Skeletal Muscle.

Skeletal muscle is not only translating chemical energy into mechanical work, it is also a highly adaptive and regenerative tissue whose architecture and functionality is determined by its mechanical and physical environment. Processing intra- and extracellular mechanical signaling cues contributes to the regulation of cell growth, survival, migration and differentiation. Yes-associated Protein (YAP), a transcriptional coactivator downstream of the Hippo pathway and its paralog, the transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), were recently found to play a key role in mechanotransduction in various tissues including skeletal muscle.

Actions from head to toe: An update on Bone/Body Morphogenetic Proteins in health and disease.

The pleiotropic actions of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in many different tissues has led us to the conclusion that they may be viewed as Body Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs). This is supported by a broad range of distinct BMP-related diseases. Here, we summarize highlights from the 10th international BMP conference, which took place from September 16th to 20th 2014 in Berlin.