Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging Shows Sex-Specific Alterations During Musculoskeletal Aging-A Radio-Anatomic Investigation Involving 202 Individuals.

: Musculoskeletal aging can clinically hardly be distinguished from degenerative disease, especially if symptoms are nonspecific, like lower back pain and reduced physical resilience. However, age-related changes are considered to be physiological until they cause osteoporotic fractures or sarcopenia-related restrictions. This radio-anatomic investigation examines whether findings in lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mirror age- and sex-related musculoskeletal differences that help to identify the onset of sarcopenia.

Syndesmotic and Deltoid Injuries: Companions or Coincidences.

Background: Syndesmotic complex injuries are supposedly associated with injuries to the deltoid ligament (DL) complex. Several syndesmosis classifications take DL injuries into account when rating the stability of the syndesmotic injury. Still, no study has yet assessed the frequency and severity of DL injuries in unstable syndesmotic injuries.

Musculoskeletal Dimension and Brightness Reference Values in Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging-A Radio-Anatomic Investigation in 80 Healthy Adult Individuals.

: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred diagnostic means to visualize spinal pathologies, and offers the possibility of precise structural tissue analysis. However, knowledge about MRI-based measurements of physiological cross-sectional musculoskeletal dimensions and associated tissue-specific average structural brightness in the lumbar spine of healthy young women and men is scarce. The current study was planned to investigate characteristic intersexual differences and to provide MRI-related musculoskeletal baseline values before the onset of biological aging.

A novel prediction score determining individual clinical outcome 3 months after juvenile stroke (PREDICT-score).

Background: Juvenile strokes (< 55 years) account for about 15% of all ischemic strokes. Structured data on clinical outcome in those patients are sparse. Here, we aimed to fill this gap by systematically collecting relevant data and modeling a juvenile stroke prediction score for the 3-month functional outcome.

Brain-derived Tau for Monitoring Brain Injury in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

The evolution of infarcts varies widely among patients with acute ischemic stroke (IS) and influences treatment decisions. Neuroimaging is not applicable for frequent monitoring and there is no blood-based biomarker to track ongoing brain injury in acute IS. Here, we examined the utility of plasma brain-derived tau (BD-tau) as a biomarker for brain injury in acute IS.

Cost-effectiveness of endovascular treatment versus best medical management in basilar artery occlusion stroke: A U.S. healthcare perspective.

Introduction: Two recent studies showed clinical benefit for endovascular treatment (EVT) in basilar artery occlusion (BAO) stroke up to 12 h (ATTENTION) and between 6 and 24 h from onset (BAOCHE). Our aim was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of EVT from a U.S.

Diagnostic value of protein S100b as predictor of traumatic intracranial haemorrhage in elderly adults with low-energy falls: results from a retrospective observational study.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to analyse the clinical value of protein S100b (S100b) in association with clinical findings and anticoagulation therapy in predicting traumatic intracranial haemorrhage (tICH) and unfavourable outcomes in elderly individuals with low-energy falls (LEF).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in the emergency department (ED) of the LMU University Hospital, Munich by consecutively including all patients aged ≥ 65 years presenting to the ED following a LEF between September 2014 and December 2016 and receiving an emergency cranial computed tomography (cCT) examination. Primary endpoint was the prevalence of tICH.

Impact of postoperative baseline MRI on diagnostic confidence and performance in detecting local recurrence of soft-tissue sarcoma of the limb.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a postoperative baseline (PB) MRI on diagnostic confidence and performance in detecting local recurrence (LR) of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) of the limb.

Materials And Methods: A total of 72 patients (8 with LR, 64 without LR) with primary STS of the limb were included. Routine follow-up MRI (1.

CT after interhospital transfer in acute ischemic stroke: Imaging findings and impact of prior intravenous contrast administration.

Objectives: Large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke patients routinely undergo interhospital transfer to endovascular thrombectomy capable centers. Imaging is often repeated with residual intravenous (IV) iodine contrast at post-transfer assessment. We determined imaging findings and the impact of residual contrast on secondary imaging.

Individual- and Connectivity-Based Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback to Modulate Emotion-Related Brain Responses in Patients with Depression: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Individual real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRI NF) might be a promising adjuvant in treating depressive symptoms. Further studies showed functional variations and connectivity-related changes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and the insular cortex.

Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether individualized connectivity-based rtfMRI NF training can improve symptoms in depressed patients as an adjunct to a psychotherapeutic programme.

Reduction in Radiation Exposure of CT Perfusion by Optimized Imaging Timing Using Temporal Information of the Preceding CT Angiography of the Carotid Artery in the Stroke Protocol.

(1) Background: CT perfusion (CTP) is a fast, robust and widely available but dose-exposing imaging technique for infarct core and penumbra detection. Carotid CT angiography (CTA) can precede CTP in the stroke protocol. Temporal information of the bolus tracking series of CTA could allow for better timing and a decreased number of scans in CTP, resulting in less radiation exposure, if the shortening of CTP does not alter the calculated infarct core and penumbra or the resulting perfusion maps, which are essential for further treatment decisions.

End-to-End Deep Learning Approach for Perfusion Data: A Proof-of-Concept Study to Classify Core Volume in Stroke CT.

(1) Background: CT perfusion (CTP) is used to quantify cerebral hypoperfusion in acute ischemic stroke. Conventional attenuation curve analysis is not standardized and might require input from expert users, hampering clinical application. This study aims to bypass conventional tracer-kinetic analysis with an end-to-end deep learning model to directly categorize patients by stroke core volume from raw, slice-reduced CTP data.

Impact of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced and Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging on Detection of Early Local Recurrence of Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Background: Diagnosis of residual or recurrent tumor in soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) is a differential diagnostic challenge since post-therapeutic changes impede diagnosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to detect local recurrence of STS of the limb.

Study Type: Prospective.

Cost-Effectiveness of Endovascular Thrombectomy in Childhood Stroke: An Analysis of the Save ChildS Study.

Background And Purpose: The Save ChildS Study demonstrated that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a safe treatment option for pediatric stroke patients with large vessel occlusions (LVOs) with high recanalization rates. Our aim was to determine the long-term cost, health consequences and cost-effectiveness of EVT in this patient population.

Methods: In this retrospective study, a decision-analytic Markov model estimated lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Outperforms Quantitative Chest CT Imaging Parameters for Mortality Prediction in COVID-19 ARDS.

(1) Background: Respiratory insufficiency with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ dysfunction leads to high mortality in COVID-19 patients. In times of limited intensive care unit (ICU) resources, chest CTs became an important tool for the assessment of lung involvement and for patient triage despite uncertainties about the predictive diagnostic value. This study evaluated chest CT-based imaging parameters for their potential to predict in-hospital mortality compared to clinical scores.

Correlations Between the DMN and the Smoking Cessation Outcome of a Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Supported Exploratory Therapy Approach: Descriptive Statistics on Tobacco-Dependent Patients.

The aim of this study was to explore the potential of default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity for predicting the success of smoking cessation in patients with tobacco dependence in the context of a real-time function al MRI (RT-fMRI) neurofeedback (NF) supported therapy.Fifty-four tobacco-dependent patients underwent three RT-fMRI-NF sessions including resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) runs over a period of 4 weeks during professionally assisted smoking cessation. Patients were randomized into two groups that performed either active NF of an addiction-related brain region or sham NF.

Functional and clinical outcomes of FMRI-based neurofeedback training in patients with alcohol dependence: a pilot study.

Identifying treatment options for patients with alcohol dependence is challenging. This study investigates the application of real-time functional MRI (rtfMRI) neurofeedback (NF) to foster resistance towards craving-related neural activation in alcohol dependence. We report a double-blind, placebo-controlled rtfMRI study with three NF sessions using alcohol-associated cues as an add-on therapy to the standard treatment.

Cost-effectiveness of short-protocol emergency brain MRI after negative non-contrast CT for minor stroke detection.

Objectives: To investigate the cost-effectiveness of supplemental short-protocol brain MRI after negative non-contrast CT for the detection of minor strokes in emergency patients with mild and unspecific neurological symptoms.

Methods: The economic evaluation was centered around a prospective single-center diagnostic accuracy study validating the use of short-protocol brain MRI in the emergency setting. A decision-analytic Markov model distinguished the strategies "no additional imaging" and "additional short-protocol MRI" for evaluation.

Course of Early Neurologic Symptom Severity after Endovascular Treatment of Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: Association with Baseline Multiparametric CT Imaging and Clinical Parameters.

Background: Neurologic symptom severity and deterioration at 24 hours (h) predict long-term outcomes in patients with acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke of the anterior circulation. We aimed to examine the association of baseline multiparametric CT imaging and clinical factors with the course of neurologic symptom severity in the first 24 h after endovascular treatment (EVT).

Methods: Patients with LVO stroke of the anterior circulation were selected from a prospectively acquired consecutive cohort of patients who underwent multiparametric CT, including non-contrast CT, CT angiography and CT perfusion before EVT.

Late Thrombectomy in Clinical Practice : Retrospective Application of DAWN/DEFUSE3 Criteria within the German Stroke Registry.

Background And Purpose: To provide real-world data on outcome and procedural factors of late thrombectomy patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients from the multicenter German Stroke Registry. The primary endpoint was clinical outcome on the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 months.

Circadian rhythm of ischaemic core progression in human stroke.

Introduction: Experimental stroke studies suggest an influence of the time of day of stroke onset on infarct progression. Whether this holds true after human stroke is unknown, but would have implications for the design of randomised controlled trials, especially those on neuroprotection.

Methods: We pooled data from 583 patients with anterior large-vessel occlusion stroke from three prospectively recruited cohorts.