Rates of Severe Influenza-Associated Outcomes Among Older Adults Living With Diabetes-Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), 2012-2017.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is common among older adults hospitalized with influenza, yet data are limited on the impact of DM on risk of severe influenza-associated outcomes.

Methods: We included adults aged ≥65 years hospitalized with influenza during 2012-2013 through 2016-2017 from the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), a population-based surveillance system for laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations conducted in defined counties within 13 states. We calculated population denominators using the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services county-specific DM prevalence estimates and National Center for Health Statistics population data.

Predicting coliform presence in private wells as a function of well characteristics, parcel size and leachfield soil rating.

Public water systems must be tested frequently for coliform bacteria to determine whether other pathogens may be present, yet no testing or disinfection is required for private wells. In this paper, we identify whether well age, type of well, well depth, parcel size, and soil ratings for a leachfield can predict the probability of detecting coliform bacteria in private wells using a multivariate logistic regression model. Samples from 1163 wells were analyzed for the presence of coliform bacteria between October 2017 and October 2019 across Gaston County, North Carolina, USA.

Characteristics of Adults Aged 18-49 Years Without Underlying Conditions Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the United States: COVID-NET-March-August 2020.

Among 513 adults aged 18-49 years without underlying medical conditions hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during March 2020-August 2020, 22% were admitted to an intensive care unit, 10% required mechanical ventilation, and 3 patients died (0.6%). These data demonstrate that healthy younger adults can develop severe COVID-19.

Estimating the prevalence and spatial clusters of coal workers' pneumoconiosis cases using medicare claims data, 2011-2014.

Background: Workers employed in the coal mining sector are at increased risk of respiratory diseases, including coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP). We investigated the prevalence of CWP and its association with sociodemographic factors among Medicare beneficiaries.

Methods: We used 5% Medicare Limited Data Set claims data from 2011 to 2014 to select Medicare beneficiaries with a diagnosis of ICD-9-CM 500 (CWP).

Weight loss and mortality risk in patients with different adiposity at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Undiagnosed comorbid diseases that independently lead to weight loss before type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnosis could explain the observed increased mortality risk in T2DM patients with normal weight.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of weight change patterns before the diagnosis of T2DM on the association between body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis and mortality risk.

Methods: This was a longitudinal cohort study using 145,058 patients from UK primary care, with newly diagnosed T2DM from January 2000.

Modelling individual vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections to optimise intervention strategies: analysis of surveillance data from Kalamazoo County, Michigan, USA.

Objective: We modelled individual vulnerability to STI using personal history of infection and neighbourhood characteristics.

Methods: Retrospective chlamydia and gonorrhoea data of reported confirmed cases from Kalamazoo County, Michigan for 2012 through 2014 were analysed. Unique IDs were generated from the surveillance data in collaboration with local health officials to track the individual STI histories.

Factual text and emotional pictures: overcoming a false dichotomy of cigarette warning labels.

Background: In reviewing the first set of pictorial warning labels in the USA, the courts equated textual labels with facts and information, and images with emotion. This study tested the differences in perceived informativeness and emotion between textual and pictorial cigarette warning labels.

Methods: An online study with 1838 US adults who were non-smokers (n=764), transitioning smokers (quit smoking in the past 2 years or currently trying to quit, n=505) or current smokers (n=569).